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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2015-2051

Critical 🇺🇸 CISA KEV ⚡ Exploit Available
D-Link DIR-645 Router Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — D-Link DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a GetDeviceSettings action to the HNAP interf
Published: Feb 10, 2022  ·  Source: CISA_KEV
CVSS v3
9.0
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

D-Link DIR-645 Router Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — D-Link DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a GetDeviceSettings action to the HNAP interface.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2015-2051 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability in D-Link DIR-645 routers affecting the HNAP interface, allowing unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands with CVSS 9.0. This vulnerability poses severe risk to Saudi organizations using these routers for network perimeter security. Exploitation is trivial and exploits are publicly available, making immediate patching essential for all affected deployments.

📄 Description (Arabic)

ثغرة حرجة في جهاز التوجيه D-Link DIR-645 تسمح للمهاجمين البعيدين بتنفيذ أوامر عشوائية على الجهاز. يمكن استغلال هذه الثغرة من خلال إرسال طلب GetDeviceSettings إلى واجهة HNAP (Home Network Administration Protocol) دون الحاجة إلى مصادقة، مما يؤدي إلى تسويس كامل للجهاز والشبكة المتصلة به.

🤖 ملخص تنفيذي (AI)

يسمح جهاز التوجيه D-Link DIR-645 السلكي واللاسلكي للمهاجمين البعيدين بتنفيذ أوامر عشوائية من خلال إجراء GetDeviceSettings إلى واجهة HNAP

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Mar 29, 2026 19:00
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability critically impacts Saudi banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions), government agencies (NCA oversight), telecommunications providers (STC, Mobily), and energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC). D-Link DIR-645 routers are commonly deployed in SME networks, branch offices, and remote sites across Saudi Arabia. Successful exploitation enables complete network compromise, lateral movement, data exfiltration, and establishment of persistent backdoors. Government and critical infrastructure sectors face highest risk due to widespread router deployment in network perimeters.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Telecommunications Energy and Utilities Healthcare Small and Medium Enterprises Critical Infrastructure
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
9.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all D-Link DIR-645 routers in your network using network scanning tools (Nmap, Shodan queries for Saudi IP ranges)
2. Isolate affected routers from production networks if patching cannot be completed within 24 hours
3. Implement network segmentation to restrict HNAP interface access (port 80/443) to authorized administrative IPs only
4. Change default credentials on all D-Link routers immediately

PATCHING:
1. Download latest firmware from D-Link support portal (verify SHA256 checksums)
2. Apply firmware updates via router web interface or management console
3. Verify successful patch application by checking firmware version post-reboot
4. Test network connectivity and VPN/remote access functionality after patching

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if patching delayed):
1. Implement WAF rules blocking GetDeviceSettings requests to HNAP interface
2. Deploy IDS/IPS signatures detecting HNAP exploitation attempts
3. Restrict HNAP interface access via firewall rules (whitelist only trusted IPs)
4. Monitor router logs for suspicious HNAP requests and command execution attempts
5. Implement network access control (NAC) to prevent unauthorized device connections

DETECTION:
1. Monitor for HTTP POST requests to /HNAP1/ endpoint with GetDeviceSettings action
2. Alert on successful command execution patterns in router logs
3. Track unauthorized administrative access to router interfaces
4. Monitor for unexpected outbound connections from router IP addresses
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع أجهزة توجيه D-Link DIR-645 في شبكتك باستخدام أدوات المسح (Nmap، استعلامات Shodan للنطاقات السعودية)
2. عزل الأجهزة المتأثرة عن شبكات الإنتاج إذا لم يتمكن التصحيح خلال 24 ساعة
3. تنفيذ تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد وصول واجهة HNAP (المنفذ 80/443) إلى عناوين IP إدارية مصرح بها فقط
4. تغيير بيانات اعتماد افتراضية على جميع أجهزة التوجيه D-Link فوراً

التصحيح:
1. تحميل أحدث البرامج الثابتة من بوابة دعم D-Link (التحقق من مجاميع SHA256)
2. تطبيق تحديثات البرامج الثابتة عبر واجهة الويب أو وحدة التحكم الإدارية
3. التحقق من نجاح تطبيق التصحيح بفحص إصدار البرنامج الثابت بعد إعادة التشغيل
4. اختبار اتصال الشبكة ووظائف VPN/الوصول عن بعد بعد التصحيح

الضوابط البديلة (إذا تأخر التصحيح):
1. تنفيذ قواعد WAF لحجب طلبات GetDeviceSettings إلى واجهة HNAP
2. نشر توقيعات IDS/IPS للكشف عن محاولات استغلال HNAP
3. تقييد وصول واجهة HNAP عبر قواعد جدار الحماية (قائمة بيضاء للعناوين الموثوقة فقط)
4. مراقبة سجلات الموجه للطلبات المريبة من HNAP ومحاولات تنفيذ الأوامر
5. تنفيذ التحكم في الوصول إلى الشبكة (NAC) لمنع اتصالات الأجهزة غير المصرح بها

الكشف:
1. مراقبة طلبات HTTP POST إلى نقطة نهاية /HNAP1/ مع إجراء GetDeviceSettings
2. التنبيه على أنماط تنفيذ الأوامر الناجحة في سجلات الموجه
3. تتبع الوصول الإداري غير المصرح به إلى واجهات الموجه
4. مراقبة الاتصالات الصادرة غير المتوقعة من عناوين IP الموجه
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.5.1.1 - Network perimeter security controls ECC 2024 A.5.1.2 - Access control to network devices ECC 2024 A.6.2.1 - Vulnerability management and patching ECC 2024 A.8.1.3 - Malware and intrusion detection
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.BE-1 - Asset management and inventory SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access control policies SAMA CSF PR.IP-12 - Software security patch management SAMA CSF DE.CM-8 - Malicious code detection
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.1.1 - Inventory of assets ISO 27001:2022 A.5.2.1 - User access management ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1.1 - Information security policies ISO 27001:2022 A.8.2.3 - Segregation of networks
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0
PCI DSS 1.1 - Firewall configuration standards PCI DSS 2.1 - Default security parameters PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates
🔗 References & Sources 0
No references.
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
D-Link:DIR-645 Router
📊 CVSS Score
9.0
/ 10.0 — Critical
📋 Quick Facts
Severity Critical
CVSS Score9.0
EPSS93.18%
Exploit ✓ Yes
Patch ✓ Yes
CISA KEV🇺🇸 Yes
KEV Due Date2022-08-10
Published 2022-02-10
Source Feed cisa_kev
Views 2
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
9.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
🏷️ Tags
kev actively-exploited
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