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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2015-2546

Critical 🇺🇸 CISA KEV ⚡ Exploit Available
Microsoft Win32k Memory Corruption Vulnerability — The kernel-mode driver in Microsoft Windows OS and Server allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application.
Published: Mar 15, 2022  ·  Source: CISA_KEV
CVSS v3
9.0
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Microsoft Win32k Memory Corruption Vulnerability — The kernel-mode driver in Microsoft Windows OS and Server allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2015-2546 is a critical kernel-mode memory corruption vulnerability in Microsoft Windows that allows local users to escalate privileges through a crafted application. With a CVSS score of 9.0 and publicly available exploits, this vulnerability poses an immediate threat to Windows-based infrastructure across Saudi organizations. Immediate patching is essential to prevent unauthorized privilege escalation and potential system compromise.

📄 Description (Arabic)

برنامج التشغيل في وضع النواة في نظام التشغيل Microsoft Windows والخوادم يسمح للمستخدمين المحليين بزيادة الامتيازات عن طريق تطبيق معد خصيصا

🤖 ملخص تنفيذي (AI)

ثغرة حرجة في برنامج تشغيل Win32k في نواة نظام التشغيل Microsoft Windows والخوادم تسمح للمستخدمين المحليين بالحصول على امتيازات من خلال تطبيق معيب

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 2, 2026 12:21
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability critically impacts Saudi banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions), government agencies (NCA oversight), healthcare facilities, energy sector (ARAMCO and related entities), and telecommunications providers (STC, Mobily). Windows-based workstations and servers in these sectors are at high risk. The privilege escalation capability enables attackers to bypass security controls, access sensitive data, and establish persistent backdoors. Government and financial institutions face the highest risk due to their critical infrastructure status and regulatory compliance requirements.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Healthcare Energy and Utilities Telecommunications Defense and Security
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
9.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Prioritize patching all Windows systems (XP, Vista, 7, 8, Server 2003/2008/2012) with MS15-051 security update immediately
2. Implement application whitelisting to prevent execution of untrusted applications
3. Restrict local user access and enforce principle of least privilege
4. Monitor for suspicious process creation and privilege escalation attempts

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
- Deploy MS15-051 through WSUS or manual update across all Windows systems
- Prioritize critical infrastructure and user-facing systems
- Test patches in non-production environments before enterprise deployment
- Verify patch installation using Windows Update verification tools

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if patching delayed):
- Disable unnecessary local user accounts
- Implement User Account Control (UAC) enforcement
- Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions
- Monitor Win32k.sys activity and kernel-mode operations

DETECTION RULES:
- Monitor for abnormal Win32k.sys memory access patterns
- Alert on privilege escalation from low-privilege processes
- Track creation of suspicious kernel-mode drivers
- Monitor for exploitation indicators: crafted window messages, memory corruption attempts
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. أولويات تصحيح جميع أنظمة Windows (XP و Vista و 7 و 8 و Server 2003/2008/2012) بتحديث الأمان MS15-051 فوراً
2. تطبيق قائمة بيضاء للتطبيقات لمنع تنفيذ التطبيقات غير الموثوقة
3. تقييد وصول المستخدم المحلي وفرض مبدأ الامتياز الأدنى
4. مراقبة محاولات إنشاء العمليات المريبة وتصعيد الامتيازات

إرشادات التصحيح:
- نشر MS15-051 عبر WSUS أو التحديث اليدوي عبر جميع أنظمة Windows
- إعطاء الأولوية للبنية الأساسية الحرجة والأنظمة التي تواجه المستخدمين
- اختبار التصحيحات في بيئات غير الإنتاج قبل نشر المؤسسة
- التحقق من تثبيت التصحيح باستخدام أدوات التحقق من تحديث Windows

الضوابط البديلة (إذا تأخر التصحيح):
- تعطيل حسابات المستخدمين المحليين غير الضرورية
- تطبيق فرض User Account Control (UAC)
- نشر حلول كشف الاستجابة للنقاط الطرفية (EDR)
- مراقبة نشاط Win32k.sys والعمليات في وضع kernel

قواعد الكشف:
- مراقبة أنماط وصول الذاكرة غير الطبيعية في Win32k.sys
- تنبيهات على تصعيد الامتيازات من العمليات منخفضة الامتياز
- تتبع إنشاء برامج تشغيل kernel-mode المريبة
- مراقبة مؤشرات الاستغلال: رسائل النوافذ المعيبة ومحاولات تلف الذاكرة
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring of system use
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.RA-1 - Asset management and vulnerability identification PR.IP-12 - System and information integrity DE.CM-8 - Vulnerability scans
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities A.14.2.1 - Secure development and change management A.12.2.1 - Monitoring of system use
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0
Requirement 6.2 - Security patches and updates Requirement 11.2 - Vulnerability scanning
🔗 References & Sources 0
No references.
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
Microsoft:Win32k
📊 CVSS Score
9.0
/ 10.0 — Critical
📋 Quick Facts
Severity Critical
CVSS Score9.0
EPSS39.93%
Exploit ✓ Yes
Patch ✓ Yes
CISA KEV🇺🇸 Yes
KEV Due Date2022-04-05
Published 2022-03-15
Source Feed cisa_kev
Views 1
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
9.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
🏷️ Tags
kev actively-exploited ransomware
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