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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-52864

High
A buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to modify memory
CWE-120 — Weakness Type
Published: Jan 2, 2026  ·  Modified: Feb 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
8.1
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

A buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to modify memory or crash processes.

We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.3.0.3192 build 20250716 and later

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2025-52864 is a buffer overflow vulnerability affecting QNAP NAS operating systems (QTS and QuTS hero) that requires authenticated access to exploit. An attacker with valid user credentials can trigger memory corruption or process crashes, potentially leading to denial of service or privilege escalation. Patches are available for affected versions, making immediate patching critical for organizations relying on QNAP storage infrastructure.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 26, 2026 02:21
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi organizations in banking, government, healthcare, and energy sectors utilizing QNAP NAS for data storage and backup are at risk. SAMA-regulated financial institutions, NCA government agencies, healthcare facilities (MOH), and ARAMCO-affiliated entities commonly deploy QNAP infrastructure. The vulnerability's requirement for authenticated access reduces immediate risk but poses significant threat if user credentials are compromised through phishing or insider threats. Organizations with inadequate access controls face elevated risk of data loss, service disruption, and regulatory compliance violations.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated) Government and Public Administration (NCA oversight) Healthcare (Ministry of Health) Energy and Oil & Gas (ARAMCO, downstream) Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain) Education and Research Institutions Large Enterprise Data Centers
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all QNAP NAS devices running affected QTS and QuTS hero versions listed in CVE details
2. Verify current firmware versions via QNAP management interface (System Settings > Firmware Version)
3. Implement network segmentation to restrict NAS access to authorized users only
4. Review and strengthen user account access controls; disable unnecessary user accounts
5. Enable QNAP audit logging for all administrative and user activities

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Upgrade to QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 or later
2. Upgrade to QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 or later
3. Upgrade to QuTS hero h5.3.0.3192 build 20250716 or later
4. Schedule patching during maintenance windows; backup all data before firmware updates
5. Test patches in non-production environment first

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if immediate patching not possible):
1. Restrict NAS access to specific IP ranges via firewall rules
2. Disable remote access features (SSH, Telnet) if not required
3. Implement multi-factor authentication for NAS user accounts
4. Monitor for suspicious process terminations and memory access patterns
5. Isolate affected NAS devices from critical network segments

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for unexpected process crashes on QNAP devices
2. Alert on multiple failed authentication attempts followed by successful login
3. Track memory access violations and segmentation faults in system logs
4. Monitor for unusual user account creation or privilege escalation attempts
5. Implement IDS/IPS rules to detect buffer overflow exploitation patterns
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع أجهزة QNAP NAS التي تعمل بإصدارات QTS و QuTS hero المتأثرة المدرجة في تفاصيل CVE
2. التحقق من إصدارات البرامج الثابتة الحالية عبر واجهة إدارة QNAP (إعدادات النظام > إصدار البرنامج الثابت)
3. تنفيذ تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد وصول NAS للمستخدمين المصرح لهم فقط
4. مراجعة وتعزيز عناصر التحكم في وصول حساب المستخدم؛ تعطيل حسابات المستخدمين غير الضرورية
5. تفعيل تسجيل التدقيق في QNAP لجميع الأنشطة الإدارية والمستخدم

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. الترقية إلى QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 أو أحدث
2. الترقية إلى QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 أو أحدث
3. الترقية إلى QuTS hero h5.3.0.3192 build 20250716 أو أحدث
4. جدولة التصحيحات خلال نوافذ الصيانة؛ نسخ احتياطي لجميع البيانات قبل تحديثات البرنامج الثابت
5. اختبار التصحيحات في بيئة غير الإنتاج أولاً

الضوابط البديلة (إذا لم يكن التصحيح الفوري ممكناً):
1. تقييد وصول NAS إلى نطاقات IP محددة عبر قواعد جدار الحماية
2. تعطيل ميزات الوصول البعيد (SSH و Telnet) إذا لم تكن مطلوبة
3. تنفيذ المصادقة متعددة العوامل لحسابات مستخدمي NAS
4. مراقبة أنماط توقف العمليات غير المتوقعة والوصول إلى الذاكرة
5. عزل أجهزة NAS المتأثرة عن أجزاء الشبكة الحرجة

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة توقف العمليات غير المتوقع على أجهزة QNAP
2. التنبيه على محاولات المصادقة الفاشلة المتعددة متبوعة بتسجيل دخول ناجح
3. تتبع انتهاكات الوصول إلى الذاكرة وأخطاء التجزئة في سجلات النظام
4. مراقبة محاولات إنشاء حساب مستخدم غير عادي أو تصعيد الامتيازات
5. تنفيذ قواعد IDS/IPS للكشف عن أنماط استغلال تجاوز المخزن المؤقت
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
A.5.1.1 - Information security policies and procedures A.6.1.1 - Access control policy A.6.2.1 - User registration and access rights management A.8.1.1 - Audit logging and monitoring A.12.4.1 - Event logging A.14.2.1 - System change management
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.AM-2 - Software platforms and applications are catalogued PR.AC-1 - Identities and credentials are issued and managed PR.AC-4 - Access rights are managed DE.CM-1 - The network is monitored for unauthorized connections DE.CM-3 - Personnel activity is monitored RS.MI-2 - Incidents are mitigated
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.5.1 - Management direction for information security A.6.1 - Screening A.8.1 - User endpoint devices A.8.2 - Privileged access rights A.8.3 - Information access restriction A.12.4 - Logging A.14.2 - Change management
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
Requirement 1 - Install and maintain a firewall configuration Requirement 2 - Do not use vendor-supplied defaults Requirement 6 - Develop and maintain secure systems Requirement 8 - Identify and authenticate access Requirement 10 - Track and monitor access to network resources
📦 Affected Products / CPE 34 entries
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2851
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2860
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.1.2929
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.1.2940
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.2.2952
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.3.3006
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.4.3070
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.4.3079
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.5.3138
qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.6.3195
qnap:quts_hero:h5.3.0.3115
qnap:quts_hero:h5.3.0.3145
qnap:quts_hero:h5.3.0.3192
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2851
qnap:qts:5.2.0.2860
qnap:qts:5.2.1.2930
qnap:qts:5.2.2.2950
qnap:qts:5.2.3.3006
qnap:qts:5.2.4.3070
qnap:qts:5.2.4.3079
qnap:qts:5.2.4.3092
qnap:qts:5.2.5.3145
qnap:qts:5.2.6.3195
qnap:qts:5.2.6.3229
📊 CVSS Score
8.1
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredL — Low / Local
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityN — None / Network
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score8.1
CWECWE-120
EPSS0.12%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-01-02
Source Feed nvd
Views 5
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
CWE-120
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