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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-21281

High
InCopy versions 21.0, 19.5.5 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of th
CWE-122 — Weakness Type
Published: Jan 13, 2026  ·  Modified: Feb 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.8
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

InCopy versions 21.0, 19.5.5 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

Adobe InCopy versions 21.0, 19.5.5 and earlier contain a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CVE-2026-21281) that could enable arbitrary code execution with user privileges. The vulnerability requires user interaction through opening a malicious file, presenting moderate exploitation difficulty. A patch is available and should be deployed immediately across affected environments.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 28, 2026 14:08
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi organizations in media, publishing, and creative industries using Adobe InCopy are at direct risk. Government agencies (NCA, CITC) utilizing InCopy for content management face potential compromise. Banking sector communications teams and ARAMCO's technical documentation teams could be targeted through malicious document distribution. Telecom operators (STC, Mobily) using InCopy for marketing materials are vulnerable. The attack vector through document files makes this particularly dangerous in email-based workflows common across Saudi enterprises.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Media and Publishing Government (NCA, CITC) Banking and Financial Services Energy (ARAMCO) Telecommunications (STC, Mobily) Creative Industries Marketing and Communications
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all InCopy installations across the organization using asset management tools
2. Restrict file opening permissions for InCopy until patching is complete
3. Implement email gateway controls to block suspicious InCopy file attachments (.indd, .idml formats)
4. Alert users not to open InCopy files from untrusted sources

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Deploy Adobe InCopy version 22.0 or later (or 20.x latest patch if version 21.0 is in use)
2. Use Adobe Creative Cloud auto-update or manual patch deployment
3. Test patches in non-production environment first
4. Prioritize patching for systems handling external documents

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if immediate patching not possible):
1. Disable InCopy file opening from email clients
2. Implement application whitelisting to prevent arbitrary code execution
3. Run InCopy in sandboxed environments for untrusted documents
4. Use file integrity monitoring on InCopy installation directories

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for InCopy process spawning unexpected child processes (cmd.exe, powershell.exe)
2. Alert on InCopy accessing unusual registry keys or system directories
3. Track InCopy memory access patterns for heap corruption indicators
4. Log all InCopy file open events, especially from email or web downloads
5. Monitor for InCopy crashes followed by system process execution
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع تثبيتات InCopy عبر المنظمة باستخدام أدوات إدارة الأصول
2. تقييد صلاحيات فتح الملفات لـ InCopy حتى اكتمال التصحيح
3. تطبيق عناصر تحكم بوابة البريد الإلكتروني لحظر مرفقات ملفات InCopy المريبة
4. تنبيه المستخدمين بعدم فتح ملفات InCopy من مصادر غير موثوقة

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. نشر Adobe InCopy الإصدار 22.0 أو أحدث (أو أحدث تصحيح 20.x إذا كان الإصدار 21.0 قيد الاستخدام)
2. استخدام التحديث التلقائي لـ Adobe Creative Cloud أو نشر التصحيح اليدوي
3. اختبار التصحيحات في بيئة غير الإنتاج أولاً
4. إعطاء الأولوية لتصحيح الأنظمة التي تتعامل مع المستندات الخارجية

عناصر التحكم البديلة (إذا لم يكن التصحيح الفوري ممكناً):
1. تعطيل فتح ملفات InCopy من عملاء البريد الإلكتروني
2. تطبيق قائمة بيضاء للتطبيقات لمنع تنفيذ الكود العشوائي
3. تشغيل InCopy في بيئات معزولة للمستندات غير الموثوقة
4. استخدام مراقبة سلامة الملفات على دلائل تثبيت InCopy

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة عملية InCopy التي تولد عمليات فرعية غير متوقعة
2. التنبيه على InCopy الوصول إلى مفاتيح التسجيل أو الدلائل غير العادية
3. تتبع أنماط وصول ذاكرة InCopy لمؤشرات تلف المكدس
4. تسجيل جميع أحداث فتح ملفات InCopy، خاصة من التنزيلات البريدية أو الويب
5. مراقبة أعطال InCopy متبوعة بتنفيذ عملية النظام
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy A.12.2.1 - Monitoring of system use
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.RA-1 - Asset management and vulnerability identification PR.IP-12 - Software development and acquisition security DE.CM-8 - Vulnerability scans
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy A.12.2.1 - Monitoring of system use
📦 Affected Products / CPE 2 entries
adobe:incopy
adobe:incopy:21.0
📊 CVSS Score
7.8
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorL — Low / Local
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.8
CWECWE-122
EPSS0.03%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-01-13
Source Feed nvd
Views 2
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
CWE-122
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