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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-21524

High
Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Azure Data Explorer allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
CWE-200 — Weakness Type
Published: Jan 22, 2026  ·  Modified: Feb 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.4
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Azure Data Explorer allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-21524 is a high-severity information disclosure vulnerability in Azure Data Explorer that allows unauthorized attackers to access sensitive data over the network without authentication. With a CVSS score of 7.4, this vulnerability poses significant risk to organizations storing critical data in Azure Data Explorer. Microsoft has released patches, making immediate remediation essential for Saudi organizations relying on this service for analytics and data management.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 4, 2026 20:22
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability directly impacts Saudi organizations in banking (SAMA-regulated institutions), government agencies (NCA oversight), healthcare providers, energy sector (ARAMCO and subsidiaries), and telecommunications companies (STC, Mobily) that utilize Azure Data Explorer for business intelligence, analytics, and data warehousing. Financial institutions face regulatory compliance violations under SAMA CSF, while government entities risk exposure of classified or sensitive national data. Healthcare organizations could expose patient records, violating GDPR and local privacy regulations. The vulnerability's network-accessible nature makes it particularly dangerous in Saudi Arabia's increasingly cloud-dependent infrastructure.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Healthcare and Medical Services Energy and Utilities Telecommunications Insurance Retail and E-commerce Manufacturing
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.8
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all Azure Data Explorer instances in your environment and document their data classification levels
2. Review access logs and audit trails for unauthorized access attempts or data exfiltration indicators
3. Implement network segmentation to restrict Azure Data Explorer access to authorized networks only
4. Enable Azure Data Explorer diagnostic logging and forward logs to SIEM for monitoring

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Apply Microsoft's security patches immediately to all Azure Data Explorer clusters
2. Test patches in non-production environments first, then deploy to production within 48 hours
3. Verify patch application by checking Azure portal for latest version confirmation
4. Document patch deployment dates and versions for compliance audits

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if patching delayed):
1. Implement Azure Network Security Groups (NSGs) to restrict inbound access to Data Explorer endpoints
2. Enable Azure Private Link to ensure data explorer access only through private networks
3. Implement IP whitelisting for authorized access sources
4. Enable Azure Data Explorer role-based access control (RBAC) with principle of least privilege
5. Encrypt data in transit using TLS 1.2 or higher

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for unauthorized API calls to Azure Data Explorer query endpoints
2. Alert on access from unexpected geographic locations or IP ranges
3. Track failed authentication attempts followed by successful access
4. Monitor for bulk data queries or exports from sensitive databases
5. Implement Azure Sentinel detection rules for anomalous Data Explorer activity
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. حدد جميع مثيلات Azure Data Explorer في بيئتك وقثق مستويات تصنيف البيانات
2. راجع سجلات الوصول والتدقيق للكشف عن محاولات الوصول غير المصرح به أو مؤشرات تسرب البيانات
3. طبق تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد وصول Azure Data Explorer إلى الشبكات المصرح بها فقط
4. فعّل تسجيل التشخيص في Azure Data Explorer وأرسل السجلات إلى SIEM للمراقبة

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. طبق تصحيحات الأمان من Microsoft فوراً على جميع مجموعات Azure Data Explorer
2. اختبر التصحيحات في بيئات غير الإنتاج أولاً، ثم انشرها في الإنتاج خلال 48 ساعة
3. تحقق من تطبيق التصحيح بفحص بوابة Azure للتأكد من أحدث إصدار
4. وثق تواريخ ونسخ نشر التصحيحات لتدقيقات الامتثال

الضوابط البديلة (إذا تأخر التصحيح):
1. طبق مجموعات أمان شبكة Azure (NSGs) لتقييد الوصول الوارد إلى نقاط نهاية Data Explorer
2. فعّل Azure Private Link لضمان وصول Data Explorer فقط عبر الشبكات الخاصة
3. طبق القائمة البيضاء للعناوين IP للمصادر المصرح بها
4. فعّل التحكم في الوصول القائم على الأدوار (RBAC) في Azure Data Explorer بمبدأ أقل امتياز
5. شفّر البيانات أثناء النقل باستخدام TLS 1.2 أو أحدث

قواعد الكشف:
1. راقب استدعاءات API غير المصرح بها إلى نقاط نهاية استعلام Azure Data Explorer
2. أصدر تنبيهات للوصول من مواقع جغرافية أو نطاقات IP غير متوقعة
3. تتبع محاولات المصادقة الفاشلة متبوعة بالوصول الناجح
4. راقب استعلامات البيانات الضخمة أو التصديرات من قواعد البيانات الحساسة
5. طبق قواعد كشف Azure Sentinel للنشاط الشاذ في Data Explorer
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.8.1 - Asset Management and Inventory ECC 2024 A.8.2 - Information Classification ECC 2024 A.9.1 - Access Control ECC 2024 A.10.1 - Cryptography ECC 2024 A.12.4 - Logging and Monitoring
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.AM-1 - Asset Management SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access Control SAMA CSF PR.DS-1 - Data Security SAMA CSF DE.AE-1 - Anomalies and Events Detection SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - Detection and Analysis
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.1 - Policies for Information Security ISO 27001:2022 A.6.1 - Organization of Information Security ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1 - Asset Management ISO 27001:2022 A.9.1 - Access Control ISO 27001:2022 A.10.1 - Cryptography ISO 27001:2022 A.12.4 - Logging
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 3.2.1 - Strong Cryptography PCI DSS 6.2 - Security Patches PCI DSS 7.1 - Access Control PCI DSS 10.2 - Logging and Monitoring
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
microsoft:azure_data_explorer:-
📊 CVSS Score
7.4
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeC — Changed
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityN — None / Network
AvailabilityN — None / Network
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.4
CWECWE-200
EPSS0.06%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-01-22
Source Feed nvd
Views 5
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.8
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
CWE-200
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