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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-21999

Medium
Published: Apr 21, 2026  ·  Modified: Apr 22, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
5.3
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Vulnerability in the XML Database component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 23.4.0-23.26.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise XML Database. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all XML Database accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.3 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

🤖 AI Executive Summary

Oracle Database Server versions 23.4.0-23.26.1 contain a medium-severity vulnerability in the XML Database component that allows unauthenticated network attackers to gain unauthorized access to critical data through HTTPS. The vulnerability requires user interaction and has no available patch, making it a persistent risk for organizations using affected Oracle versions. While exploitation is difficult, the confidentiality impact is high, particularly for systems storing sensitive data in XML format.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 30, 2026 04:10
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi organizations in banking (SAMA-regulated institutions), government agencies (NCA oversight), healthcare systems (MOH), and energy sector (ARAMCO, downstream operators) are at risk if using Oracle Database 23.4.0-23.26.1 with XML Database components. Financial institutions storing customer data in XML format face the highest confidentiality risk. Government entities managing citizen records and classified information could experience unauthorized data access. Telecom operators (STC, Mobily) using Oracle for subscriber data management are also vulnerable. The lack of available patches creates sustained exposure for critical infrastructure.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Healthcare Energy and Utilities Telecommunications Insurance Large Enterprise
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
6.8
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
Immediate Actions:
1. Inventory all Oracle Database instances running versions 23.4.0-23.26.1 and identify those with XML Database enabled
2. Restrict network access to affected Oracle instances to trusted networks only via firewall rules
3. Implement network segmentation to isolate XML Database components from untrusted networks
4. Disable XML Database functionality if not required for business operations
5. Enable enhanced logging and monitoring for XML Database access attempts

Compensating Controls:
6. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block suspicious HTTPS requests to XML Database endpoints
7. Enforce multi-factor authentication for all database administrative access
8. Apply principle of least privilege to database user accounts accessing XML data
9. Encrypt XML data at rest using Oracle Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
10. Monitor for exploitation attempts using SIEM with rules detecting unusual XML parsing activities

Patching Strategy:
11. Plan immediate upgrade to Oracle Database version 23.27.0 or later when available
12. Test patches in non-production environments before deployment
13. Establish timeline for production patching within 30 days of patch availability

Detection Rules:
- Alert on unauthenticated HTTPS connections to Oracle XML Database ports
- Monitor for XML parsing errors and malformed XML submissions
- Track failed authentication attempts followed by successful data access
- Flag unusual XML query patterns or large data extractions
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. حصر جميع مثيلات قاعدة بيانات Oracle التي تعمل بالإصدارات 23.4.0-23.26.1 وتحديد تلك التي تحتوي على مكون XML Database
2. تقييد الوصول إلى الشبكة للمثيلات المتأثرة إلى الشبكات الموثوقة فقط عبر قواعد جدار الحماية
3. تطبيق تقسيم الشبكة لعزل مكونات XML Database عن الشبكات غير الموثوقة
4. تعطيل وظيفة XML Database إذا لم تكن مطلوبة للعمليات التجارية
5. تفعيل السجلات المحسنة والمراقبة لمحاولات الوصول إلى XML Database

الضوابط البديلة:
6. تطبيق قواعد جدار تطبيقات الويب (WAF) للكشف عن طلبات HTTPS المريبة وحجبها
7. فرض المصادقة متعددة العوامل لجميع عمليات الوصول الإدارية لقاعدة البيانات
8. تطبيق مبدأ أقل امتياز على حسابات مستخدمي قاعدة البيانات التي تصل إلى بيانات XML
9. تشفير بيانات XML في الراحة باستخدام Oracle Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
10. المراقبة لمحاولات الاستغلال باستخدام SIEM مع قواعد الكشف عن أنشطة تحليل XML غير العادية

استراتيجية التصحيح:
11. التخطيط للترقية الفورية إلى إصدار Oracle Database 23.27.0 أو أحدث عند توفره
12. اختبار التصحيحات في بيئات غير الإنتاج قبل النشر
13. وضع جدول زمني لتصحيح الإنتاج خلال 30 يوماً من توفر التصحيح

قواعد الكشف:
- تنبيهات على اتصالات HTTPS غير المصرح بها إلى منافذ Oracle XML Database
- مراقبة أخطاء تحليل XML والإرسالات XML المشوهة
- تتبع محاولات المصادقة الفاشلة متبوعة بالوصول الناجح إلى البيانات
- وضع علامة على أنماط استعلامات XML غير العادية أو استخراج البيانات الكبيرة
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
5.1.1 - Access Control and Authentication 5.2.1 - Data Protection and Encryption 5.3.1 - Monitoring and Logging 5.4.1 - Vulnerability Management
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.AM-2 - Asset Management PR.AC-1 - Access Control PR.DS-1 - Data Security DE.CM-1 - Detection and Analysis
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.5.1.1 - Policies for information security A.6.1.1 - Information security roles and responsibilities A.8.1.1 - User endpoint devices A.8.2.1 - User access management A.8.3.1 - Access control A.10.1.1 - Cryptography controls A.12.4.1 - Event logging
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
Requirement 1 - Firewall configuration Requirement 2 - Default security parameters Requirement 6 - Secure development and vulnerability management Requirement 8 - User identification and authentication Requirement 10 - Logging and monitoring
📊 CVSS Score
5.3
/ 10.0 — Medium
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityH — High
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityN — None / Network
AvailabilityN — None / Network
📋 Quick Facts
Severity Medium
CVSS Score5.3
EPSS0.03%
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-04-21
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
6.8
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
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