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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-22856

High ⚡ Exploit Available
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to 3.20.1, a race in the serial channel IRP thread tracking allows a heap use‑after‑free when one thread removes an entry from se
CWE-362 — Weakness Type
Published: Jan 14, 2026  ·  Modified: Feb 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
8.1
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to 3.20.1, a race in the serial channel IRP thread tracking allows a heap use‑after‑free when one thread removes an entry from serial->IrpThreads while another reads it. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.20.1.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

FreeRDP versions prior to 3.20.1 contain a critical race condition in the serial channel IRP thread tracking that enables heap use-after-free exploitation. An attacker can trigger this vulnerability through specially crafted RDP connections, potentially achieving remote code execution. The availability of functional exploits and widespread RDP usage in Saudi enterprises makes this a high-priority vulnerability requiring immediate patching.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 26, 2026 06:54
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses significant risk to Saudi banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions), government agencies (NCA oversight), healthcare providers, and energy sector organizations (ARAMCO, SEC) that rely on RDP for remote administration and support. Telecom operators (STC, Mobily, Zain) managing network infrastructure are particularly vulnerable. The race condition can be exploited to achieve RCE on systems running vulnerable FreeRDP versions, potentially compromising critical infrastructure and sensitive data access points.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated) Government and Public Administration (NCA oversight) Healthcare and Medical Services Energy and Petroleum (ARAMCO, SEC) Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain) Critical Infrastructure Defense and Security
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
8.4
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all systems running FreeRDP versions prior to 3.20.1 using network scanning and asset inventory tools
2. Prioritize patching of RDP-exposed systems, particularly those in DMZs or accessible from untrusted networks
3. Implement network segmentation to restrict RDP access to authorized administrative networks only

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Upgrade FreeRDP to version 3.20.1 or later immediately
2. For systems that cannot be patched immediately, disable serial channel support in RDP configurations
3. Verify patch installation by checking FreeRDP version: freerdp-server --version

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if patching delayed):
1. Disable RDP serial port redirection in Group Policy (Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Remote Desktop Services > Remote Desktop Session Host > Device and Resource Redirection)
2. Implement strict firewall rules limiting RDP access to specific administrative IPs
3. Enable RDP session logging and monitoring for suspicious activity
4. Implement multi-factor authentication for all RDP access

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for RDP connections with serial channel initialization followed by rapid disconnections
2. Alert on heap corruption errors in FreeRDP processes (Event ID 1000 in Windows Event Viewer)
3. Track FreeRDP process crashes with access violation exceptions
4. Monitor for unusual thread creation/termination patterns in RDP sessions
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع الأنظمة التي تقوم بتشغيل إصدارات FreeRDP السابقة للإصدار 3.20.1 باستخدام أدوات المسح الشبكي وجرد الأصول
2. إعطاء الأولوية لتصحيح الأنظمة المكشوفة لـ RDP، خاصة تلك الموجودة في DMZs أو التي يمكن الوصول إليها من شبكات غير موثوقة
3. تنفيذ تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد وصول RDP إلى شبكات إدارية مصرح بها فقط

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. ترقية FreeRDP إلى الإصدار 3.20.1 أو أحدث على الفور
2. بالنسبة للأنظمة التي لا يمكن تصحيحها على الفور، قم بتعطيل دعم القناة التسلسلية في تكوينات RDP
3. التحقق من تثبيت التصحيح بالتحقق من إصدار FreeRDP: freerdp-server --version

الضوابط البديلة (إذا تأخر التصحيح):
1. تعطيل إعادة توجيه منفذ RDP التسلسلي في نهج المجموعة (تكوين الكمبيوتر > القوالب الإدارية > مكونات Windows > خدمات سطح المكتب البعيد > مضيف جلسة سطح المكتب البعيد > إعادة توجيه الجهاز والموارد)
2. تنفيذ قواعد جدار الحماية الصارمة التي تقيد وصول RDP إلى عناوين IP إدارية محددة
3. تمكين تسجيل جلسة RDP والمراقبة للنشاط المريب
4. تنفيذ المصادقة متعددة العوامل لجميع وصول RDP

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة اتصالات RDP مع تهيئة القناة التسلسلية متبوعة بقطع الاتصال السريع
2. التنبيه على أخطاء تلف الكومة في عمليات FreeRDP (معرف الحدث 1000 في عارض أحداث Windows)
3. تتبع أعطال عملية FreeRDP مع استثناءات انتهاك الوصول
4. مراقبة أنماط إنشاء/إنهاء الخيوط غير العادية في جلسات RDP
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging of access
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.RA-1 - Asset Management and Vulnerability Management SAMA CSF PR.IP-12 - Software, firmware, and information integrity mechanisms SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - The network is monitored to detect potential cybersecurity events
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging of access ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy and procedures
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.2 - Ensure that all system components and software are protected from known vulnerabilities
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
freerdp:freerdp
📊 CVSS Score
8.1
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityH — High
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score8.1
CWECWE-362
EPSS0.08%
Exploit ✓ Yes
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-01-14
Source Feed nvd
Views 5
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
8.4
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
exploit-available patch-available CWE-362
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