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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-25143

High
melange allows users to build apk packages using declarative pipelines. From version 0.10.0 to before 0.40.3, an attacker who can influence inputs to the patch pipeline could execute arbitrary shell c
CWE-78 — Weakness Type
Published: Feb 4, 2026  ·  Modified: Feb 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.8
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

melange allows users to build apk packages using declarative pipelines. From version 0.10.0 to before 0.40.3, an attacker who can influence inputs to the patch pipeline could execute arbitrary shell commands on the build host. The patch pipeline in pkg/build/pipelines/patch.yaml embeds input-derived values (series paths, patch filenames, and numeric parameters) into shell scripts without proper quoting or validation, allowing shell metacharacters to break out of their intended context. The vulnerability affects the built-in patch pipeline which can be invoked through melange build and melange license-check operations. An attacker who can control patch-related inputs (e.g., through pull request-driven CI, build-as-a-service, or by influencing melange configurations) can inject shell metacharacters such as backticks, command substitutions $(…), semicolons, pipes, or redirections to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the melange build process. This issue has been patched in version 0.40.3.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-25143 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Melange (versions 0.10.0-0.40.2) that allows attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands during APK package builds through unvalidated patch pipeline inputs. The vulnerability exploits improper shell script construction in patch.yaml, enabling remote code execution with build process privileges. This poses significant risk to Saudi organizations using Melange in CI/CD pipelines, particularly those building containerized applications and supply chain artifacts.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 29, 2026 04:57
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
High impact for Saudi technology and financial sectors: (1) Banking/SAMA-regulated institutions using containerized microservices and DevOps pipelines for digital transformation initiatives; (2) Government agencies (NCA, NCSC) and critical infrastructure operators building secure container images; (3) Telecom providers (STC, Mobily, Zain) operating cloud-native platforms; (4) Energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC) utilizing container orchestration for operational technology; (5) Healthcare organizations implementing cloud-based systems. Supply chain compromise through build artifacts could affect downstream consumers of affected packages, creating cascading risk across Saudi digital infrastructure.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated) Government and Critical Infrastructure (NCA, NCSC) Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain) Energy and Utilities (ARAMCO, SEC) Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals Technology and Software Development Cloud Service Providers Defense and Security
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
8.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all Melange installations: audit CI/CD pipelines, build systems, and container registries for Melange versions 0.10.0-0.40.2
2. Restrict patch pipeline inputs: implement strict input validation and sanitization for all patch-related parameters (series paths, filenames, numeric values)
3. Isolate build environments: run Melange builds in sandboxed containers with minimal privileges and network access

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Upgrade Melange to version 0.40.3 or later immediately
2. Verify patch integrity: validate checksums and signatures of updated Melange binaries
3. Test in staging: validate build pipelines function correctly after upgrade before production deployment

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if immediate patching delayed):
1. Implement shell metacharacter filtering: block backticks, $(), semicolons, pipes, redirections in patch inputs at CI/CD entry points
2. Use allowlist validation: restrict patch filenames and series paths to alphanumeric characters, hyphens, underscores only
3. Execute builds with minimal privileges: run Melange as non-root user with restricted filesystem and network access
4. Enable build artifact scanning: scan generated APK packages with malware detection tools
5. Implement build log monitoring: alert on suspicious shell commands or unexpected process execution

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor Melange build logs for shell metacharacters in patch parameters: regex pattern [\`$(){}|;&<>\n]
2. Alert on unexpected child processes spawned during build: monitor for bash/sh execution outside expected build steps
3. Track file modifications outside build output directories during patch pipeline execution
4. Monitor network connections initiated from build containers to external hosts
5. Audit changes to melange configurations and patch pipeline definitions
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع تثبيتات Melange: تدقيق خطوط أنابيب CI/CD وأنظمة البناء والسجلات الحاوية للإصدارات 0.10.0-0.40.2
2. تقييد مدخلات خط أنابيب التصحيح: تنفيذ التحقق الصارم من الصحة والتطهير لجميع معاملات التصحيح (مسارات السلسلة وأسماء الملفات والقيم الرقمية)
3. عزل بيئات البناء: تشغيل بناء Melange في حاويات معزولة برامج بامتيازات وصول شبكة محدودة

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. ترقية Melange إلى الإصدار 0.40.3 أو أحدث فوراً
2. التحقق من سلامة التصحيح: التحقق من المجاميع الاختبارية والتوقيعات لثنائيات Melange المحدثة
3. الاختبار في التدريج: التحقق من أن خطوط أنابيب البناء تعمل بشكل صحيح بعد الترقية قبل نشر الإنتاج

الضوابط البديلة (إذا تأخر التصحيح الفوري):
1. تنفيذ تصفية أحرف shell: حظر الرموز الخلفية و$() والفواصل المنقوطة والأنابيب والتحويلات في مدخلات التصحيح عند نقاط دخول CI/CD
2. استخدام التحقق من القائمة البيضاء: تقييد أسماء ملفات التصحيح ومسارات السلسلة على الأحرف الأبجدية الرقمية والواصلات والشرطات السفلية فقط
3. تنفيذ البناء بامتيازات محدودة: تشغيل Melange كمستخدم غير جذر مع وصول نظام الملفات والشبكة المقيد
4. تمكين فحص قطع البناء: فحص حزم APK المُنشأة باستخدام أدوات كشف البرامج الضارة
5. تنفيذ مراقبة سجل البناء: تنبيه الأوامر shell المريبة أو تنفيذ العملية غير المتوقع

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة سجلات بناء Melange لأحرف shell metacharacters في معاملات التصحيح: نمط regex [\`$(){}|;&<>\n]
2. تنبيه العمليات الفرعية غير المتوقعة التي تم تفريخها أثناء البناء: مراقبة تنفيذ bash/sh خارج خطوات البناء المتوقعة
3. تتبع تعديلات الملفات خارج دلائل إخراج البناء أثناء تنفيذ خط أنابيب التصحيح
4. مراقبة الاتصالات الشبكية التي تم بدؤها من حاويات البناء إلى المضيفين الخارجيين
5. تدقيق التغييرات على تكوينات melange وتعريفات خط أنابيب التصحيح
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities in development environments ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy and procedures ECC 2024 A.14.2.5 - Secure development environment controls ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Change management procedures for software and systems
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.SC-4 - Supply chain risk management SAMA CSF PR.DS-6 - Integrity checking mechanisms SAMA CSF DE.CM-4 - Malicious code detection SAMA CSF RS.MI-2 - Incident containment and eradication
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1.1 - Information security policies ISO 27001:2022 A.8.2.3 - Segregation of duties ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.5 - Secure development environment ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates for all system components PCI DSS 6.3.2 - Code review and testing procedures PCI DSS 12.2.4 - Security configuration standards for development systems
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
chainguard:melange
📊 CVSS Score
7.8
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorL — Low / Local
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.8
CWECWE-78
EPSS0.01%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-02-04
Source Feed nvd
Views 7
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
8.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
patch-available CWE-78
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