📄 Description (English)
Affected devices do not properly validate and sanitize filenames on the Firmware Update page. This could allow a remote attacker to social engineer the user into selecting the modified firmware file to be uploaded. This would result in malitcious JavaScript execution in the context of the authenticated user's session without requiring the file to be uploaded, potentially leading to session hijacking or credential theft.
🤖 AI Executive Summary
CVE-2026-25789 is a stored/reflected XSS vulnerability (CVSS 7.1) in firmware update interfaces that fails to sanitize filenames, allowing attackers to inject malicious JavaScript. An attacker can social engineer users into selecting crafted firmware files, executing arbitrary code in the authenticated user's session context without actual file upload, potentially leading to session hijacking and credential theft. No patch is currently available, requiring immediate compensating controls.
📄 Description (Arabic)
🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 15, 2026 08:34
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses significant risk to Saudi critical infrastructure sectors: (1) Banking/SAMA-regulated institutions using firmware-updatable network devices and security appliances; (2) Government agencies (NCA, NCSC) managing administrative systems with firmware update capabilities; (3) Energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC) operating industrial control systems with web-based management interfaces; (4) Telecom providers (STC, Mobily, Zain) managing network infrastructure; (5) Healthcare institutions managing medical devices and network equipment. The attack vector is particularly dangerous in Saudi organizations due to high reliance on remote administration and potential language-based social engineering targeting Arabic-speaking administrators.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated)
Government and Public Administration (NCA, NCSC)
Energy and Utilities (ARAMCO, SEC)
Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain)
Healthcare and Medical Devices
Critical Infrastructure Management
Defense and Security
🎯 MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
T1598.003 - Phishing: Spearphishing Link
T1566.002 - Phishing: Phishing - Spearphishing Attachment
T1059.007 - Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript
T1185 - Man in the Browser
T1539 - Steal Web Session Cookie
T1110.004 - Brute Force: Credential Stuffing
T1056.004 - Interaction with User: Keylogging
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.8
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Disable or restrict access to firmware update pages to essential personnel only
2. Implement network segmentation isolating firmware update interfaces from general network access
3. Require multi-factor authentication for all firmware update operations
4. Conduct security awareness training emphasizing firmware file verification procedures
COMPENSATING CONTROLS:
1. Implement strict Content Security Policy (CSP) headers: Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; object-src 'none'
2. Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block XSS payloads in filename parameters
3. Implement input validation at application layer: whitelist only alphanumeric characters, dots, and hyphens in filenames
4. Enable HTML entity encoding for all filename display in firmware update interface
5. Implement session timeout (15-30 minutes) for firmware update pages
6. Log all firmware update attempts with full filename parameters for forensic analysis
DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for filenames containing: <script>, javascript:, onerror=, onload=, event handlers
2. Alert on filenames with encoded characters (%3C, %3E, %22, %27)
3. Track failed firmware uploads followed by session activity anomalies
4. Monitor for multiple firmware update attempts from same user within short timeframe
PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Contact device manufacturer for security advisory and patch timeline
2. Maintain vendor communication for emergency patches
3. Prepare rollback procedures for any interim firmware versions
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تعطيل أو تقييد الوصول إلى صفحات تحديث البرامج الثابتة للموظفين الأساسيين فقط
2. تنفيذ تقسيم الشبكة لعزل واجهات تحديث البرامج الثابتة عن الوصول العام للشبكة
3. فرض المصادقة متعددة العوامل لجميع عمليات تحديث البرامج الثابتة
4. إجراء تدريب التوعية الأمنية مع التركيز على إجراءات التحقق من ملفات البرامج الثابتة
الضوابط التعويضية:
1. تنفيذ رؤوس سياسة أمان المحتوى الصارمة: Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; object-src 'none'
2. نشر قواعد جدار حماية تطبيقات الويب للكشف عن حمولات XSS وحجبها في معاملات اسم الملف
3. تنفيذ التحقق من الإدخال على مستوى التطبيق: قائمة بيضاء تحتوي على أحرف أبجدية رقمية ونقاط وواصلات فقط في أسماء الملفات
4. تمكين ترميز كيان HTML لجميع عروض أسماء الملفات في واجهة تحديث البرامج الثابتة
5. تنفيذ انتهاء صلاحية الجلسة (15-30 دقيقة) لصفحات تحديث البرامج الثابتة
6. تسجيل جميع محاولات تحديث البرامج الثابتة مع معاملات اسم الملف الكاملة للتحليل الجنائي
قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة أسماء الملفات التي تحتوي على: <script>، javascript:، onerror=، onload=، معالجات الأحداث
2. تنبيه على أسماء الملفات ذات الأحرف المشفرة (%3C، %3E، %22، %27)
3. تتبع محاولات تحميل البرامج الثابتة الفاشلة متبوعة بشذوذ نشاط الجلسة
4. مراقبة محاولات تحديث البرامج الثابتة المتعددة من نفس المستخدم في إطار زمني قصير
إرشادات التصحيح:
1. الاتصال بمصنع الجهاز للحصول على استشارة أمنية وجدول زمني للتصحيح
2. الحفاظ على التواصل مع البائع للحصول على تصحيحات طارئة
3. تحضير إجراءات التراجع لأي إصدارات برامج ثابتة مؤقتة
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Information security requirements for supplier relationships
ECC 2024 A.14.2.5 - Restrictions on the use of information and assets of suppliers
ECC 2024 A.5.23 - Information security for supplier relationships
ECC 2024 A.8.22 - Secure development and support processes
ECC 2024 A.8.23 - Test information and access to information systems
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.BE-3.1 - Organizational objectives and strategies are established and communicated
SAMA CSF PR.AC-1.1 - Identities and credentials are issued and managed
SAMA CSF PR.AC-1.2 - Physical access to assets is managed and protected
SAMA CSF PR.DS-2.1 - Information is protected at rest
SAMA CSF DE.AE-1.1 - A baseline of network operations and expected data flows for users and systems is established and managed
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.16 - Management of information security incidents
ISO 27001:2022 A.6.2 - Internal organization
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.22 - Secure development and support processes
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.23 - Test information and access to information systems
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.24 - Protection of information systems test facilities
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.5.1 - Injection flaws prevention
PCI DSS 6.5.7 - Cross-site scripting (XSS) prevention
PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates
🔗 References & Sources 1