📄 Description (English)
An improper input validation, together with an overly permissive default CORS configuration in Open Notebook v1.8.1 allows remote attacker to trick a legitimate user to alter or delete arbitrary database entries via specially crafted malicious URL. Depending on the deployment, data exfiltration is also possible.
🤖 AI Executive Summary
CVE-2026-28201 affects Open Notebook v1.8.1 through improper input validation and permissive CORS configuration, allowing remote attackers to manipulate or delete database entries via malicious URLs. The vulnerability enables potential data exfiltration depending on deployment configuration. With a CVSS score of 7.8 and no available patch, this poses an immediate risk to organizations using this application for sensitive data management.
📄 Description (Arabic)
🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 12, 2026 04:58
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses significant risk to Saudi organizations using Open Notebook for data management, particularly in: Government agencies (NCA, CITC) storing sensitive administrative data; Healthcare institutions managing patient records; Financial services managing transaction logs; Educational institutions storing academic records; Energy sector (ARAMCO subsidiaries) managing operational data. The combination of input validation bypass and CORS misconfiguration creates a high-risk scenario for data integrity and confidentiality breaches.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Government
Banking
Healthcare
Education
Energy
Telecommunications
🎯 MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1566 - Phishing (malicious URL delivery)
T1583 - Acquire Infrastructure (attacker-controlled domains for CORS bypass)
T1565 - Data Destruction (database entry deletion)
T1041 - Exfiltration Over C2 Channel (data exfiltration)
T1021 - Remote Services (web application access)
T1110 - Brute Force (potential input fuzzing)
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
8.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
Immediate Actions:
1. Inventory all instances of Open Notebook v1.8.1 across your organization
2. Restrict network access to Open Notebook instances using firewall rules and WAF policies
3. Implement strict CORS policies: disable wildcard (*) origins, whitelist only trusted domains
4. Enable request logging and monitoring for suspicious URL patterns
Compensating Controls:
5. Implement input validation at the application layer using allowlists for all user inputs
6. Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block malicious payloads
7. Apply database-level access controls and principle of least privilege
8. Enable database transaction logging and implement read-only replicas for critical data
9. Implement rate limiting on API endpoints
Detection Rules:
10. Monitor for unusual database modification patterns, especially bulk deletes
11. Alert on cross-origin requests from unexpected domains
12. Track failed input validation attempts and malformed requests
13. Monitor for data exfiltration patterns (large data transfers to external IPs)
Patching:
14. Contact LFNovo for security updates and patch timeline
15. Prepare migration plan to patched version once available
16. Test patches in isolated environment before production deployment
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. قم بحصر جميع نسخ Open Notebook v1.8.1 في مؤسستك
2. قيد الوصول إلى شبكة Open Notebook باستخدام قواعد جدار الحماية وسياسات WAF
3. طبق سياسات CORS صارمة: عطل أصول البطاقة البرية (*)، أدرج القائمة البيضاء للنطاقات الموثوقة فقط
4. فعّل تسجيل الطلبات والمراقبة لأنماط عناوين URL المريبة
الضوابط التعويضية:
5. طبق التحقق من المدخلات على مستوى التطبيق باستخدام قوائم السماح
6. نشر قواعد WAF للكشف عن الحمولات الضارة وحجبها
7. طبق عناصر التحكم في الوصول على مستوى قاعدة البيانات
8. فعّل تسجيل معاملات قاعدة البيانات وطبق النسخ المتماثلة للقراءة فقط
9. طبق تحديد معدل على نقاط نهاية API
قواعد الكشف:
10. راقب أنماط تعديل قاعدة البيانات غير العادية
11. أصدر تنبيهات للطلبات عبر الأصول من نطاقات غير متوقعة
12. تتبع محاولات التحقق من المدخلات الفاشلة
13. راقب أنماط تسرب البيانات
التصحيح:
14. اتصل بـ LFNovo للحصول على تحديثات الأمان
15. جهز خطة الترحيل إلى النسخة المصححة
16. اختبر التصحيحات في بيئة معزولة قبل النشر
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.5.1.1 - Information Security Policies (input validation requirements)
ECC 2024 A.5.2.1 - Access Control (CORS and origin validation)
ECC 2024 A.5.3.1 - Cryptography and Data Protection (data integrity controls)
ECC 2024 A.5.4.1 - Physical and Environmental Security (network segmentation)
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.AM-2 - Asset Management (inventory of vulnerable systems)
SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access Control (CORS policy enforcement)
SAMA CSF PR.IP-1 - Information Protection Processes (input validation)
SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - Detection and Analysis (monitoring for exploitation)
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.15 - Access Control (network segmentation, CORS restrictions)
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.16 - Cryptography (data integrity verification)
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.23 - Web Application Security (input validation, WAF deployment)
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1 - Monitoring (detection and logging of suspicious activities)
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.5.1 - Injection flaws prevention (input validation)
PCI DSS 6.5.10 - Broken authentication (CORS misconfiguration)
PCI DSS 10.2 - Logging and monitoring of access to cardholder data
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
lfnovo:open-notebook