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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-31485

High
CWE-416 — Weakness Type
Published: Apr 22, 2026  ·  Modified: Apr 29, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.8
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

spi: spi-fsl-lpspi: fix teardown order issue (UAF)

There is a teardown order issue in the driver. The SPI controller is
registered using devm_spi_register_controller(), which delays
unregistration of the SPI controller until after the fsl_lpspi_remove()
function returns.

As the fsl_lpspi_remove() function synchronously tears down the DMA
channels, a running SPI transfer triggers the following NULL pointer
dereference due to use after free:

| fsl_lpspi 42550000.spi: I/O Error in DMA RX
| Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000
[...]
| Call trace:
| fsl_lpspi_dma_transfer+0x260/0x340 [spi_fsl_lpspi]
| fsl_lpspi_transfer_one+0x198/0x448 [spi_fsl_lpspi]
| spi_transfer_one_message+0x49c/0x7c8
| __spi_pump_transfer_message+0x120/0x420
| __spi_sync+0x2c4/0x520
| spi_sync+0x34/0x60
| spidev_message+0x20c/0x378 [spidev]
| spidev_ioctl+0x398/0x750 [spidev]
[...]

Switch from devm_spi_register_controller() to spi_register_controller() in
fsl_lpspi_probe() and add the corresponding spi_unregister_controller() in
fsl_lpspi_remove().

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-31485 is a use-after-free (UAF) vulnerability in the Linux kernel's FSL LPSPI SPI controller driver caused by incorrect teardown ordering. When the SPI controller is unregistered, DMA channels are torn down while SPI transfers may still be in progress, leading to NULL pointer dereference and kernel crashes. This affects systems using Freescale/NXP LPSPI controllers, particularly in embedded and IoT deployments common in Saudi industrial and energy sectors.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 29, 2026 13:27
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability primarily impacts Saudi organizations in the energy sector (ARAMCO operations, oil/gas facilities), industrial automation systems, and IoT deployments using NXP/Freescale processors. Secondary impact on telecommunications infrastructure (STC) and government systems utilizing embedded Linux controllers. The NULL pointer dereference can cause system crashes and denial of service, disrupting critical industrial processes and SCADA systems. Risk is elevated in Saudi Arabia due to widespread adoption of NXP processors in industrial control systems and smart grid implementations.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Energy (ARAMCO, oil/gas operations) Industrial Automation & SCADA Telecommunications (STC) Government Systems Healthcare (embedded medical devices) Smart Grid & Utilities IoT & Embedded Systems
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify systems running Linux kernel versions 4.10 through 7.0-rc2 with FSL LPSPI driver enabled
2. Check kernel configuration: grep CONFIG_SPI_FSL_LPSPI /boot/config-$(uname -r)
3. Monitor system logs for 'fsl_lpspi' errors and NULL pointer dereferences

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Apply kernel patch that switches from devm_spi_register_controller() to spi_register_controller() with explicit spi_unregister_controller() in driver removal
2. Update to patched kernel version (7.0-rc3 or later, or stable backport)
3. Test SPI transfers after patching to verify DMA operations complete without crashes

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if immediate patching unavailable):
1. Disable FSL LPSPI driver if not essential: echo 'blacklist spi_fsl_lpspi' >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
2. Implement watchdog monitoring for SPI-related kernel panics
3. Configure automatic system restart on kernel panic: echo 'kernel.panic=10' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
4. Restrict SPI device access to trusted applications only

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor kernel logs: grep -i 'fsl_lpspi.*NULL\|fsl_lpspi.*dereference' /var/log/kern.log
2. Alert on kernel panic messages containing 'fsl_lpspi_dma_transfer'
3. Track system reboots correlated with SPI activity
4. Monitor dmesg for 'I/O Error in DMA RX' messages
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد الأنظمة التي تقوم بتشغيل إصدارات نواة Linux من 4.10 إلى 7.0-rc2 مع تفعيل برنامج تشغيل FSL LPSPI
2. التحقق من تكوين النواة: grep CONFIG_SPI_FSL_LPSPI /boot/config-$(uname -r)
3. مراقبة سجلات النظام للأخطاء المتعلقة بـ 'fsl_lpspi' وإلغاء مؤشرات NULL

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. تطبيق رقعة النواة التي تتحول من devm_spi_register_controller() إلى spi_register_controller() مع spi_unregister_controller() الصريح في إزالة برنامج التشغيل
2. التحديث إلى إصدار نواة مصحح (7.0-rc3 أو أحدث، أو backport مستقر)
3. اختبار عمليات نقل SPI بعد التصحيح للتحقق من اكتمال عمليات DMA بدون أعطال

الضوابط البديلة (إذا لم يكن التصحيح الفوري متاحاً):
1. تعطيل برنامج تشغيل FSL LPSPI إذا لم يكن ضروريًا: echo 'blacklist spi_fsl_lpspi' >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
2. تنفيذ مراقبة watchdog لأعطال النواة المتعلقة بـ SPI
3. تكوين إعادة تشغيل النظام التلقائية عند حدوث panic في النواة: echo 'kernel.panic=10' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
4. تقييد الوصول إلى جهاز SPI للتطبيقات الموثوقة فقط

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة سجلات النواة: grep -i 'fsl_lpspi.*NULL\|fsl_lpspi.*dereference' /var/log/kern.log
2. التنبيه على رسائل panic في النواة التي تحتوي على 'fsl_lpspi_dma_transfer'
3. تتبع إعادة تشغيل النظام المرتبطة بنشاط SPI
4. مراقبة dmesg للرسائل 'I/O Error in DMA RX'
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Change management procedures for kernel patches ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - System monitoring and logging for kernel errors ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - System development and maintenance security
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.BE-3.2 - Resilience and recovery planning for system failures SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - System monitoring and anomaly detection SAMA CSF RS.RP-1 - Response and recovery planning
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.1 - System development security ISO 27001:2022 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates for system components PCI DSS 10.2 - Logging and monitoring of system access
📦 Affected Products / CPE 15 entries
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel
linux:linux_kernel:4.10
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
linux:linux_kernel:7.0
📊 CVSS Score
7.8
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorL — Low / Local
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredL — Low / Local
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.8
CWECWE-416
EPSS0.03%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-04-22
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
patch-available CWE-416
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