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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-35391

High
CWE-348 — Weakness Type
Published: Apr 6, 2026  ·  Modified: Apr 13, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.5
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Bulwark Webmail is a self-hosted webmail client for Stalwart Mail Server. Prior to 1.4.11, the getClientIP() function in lib/admin/session.ts trusted the first (leftmost) entry of the X-Forwarded-For header, which is fully controlled by the client. An attacker could forge their source IP address to bypass IP-based rate limiting (enabling brute-force attacks against the admin login) or forge audit log entries (making malicious activity appear to originate from arbitrary IP addresses). This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.11.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

Bulwark Webmail versions prior to 1.4.11 contain an IP spoofing vulnerability in the getClientIP() function that trusts the X-Forwarded-For header without validation. Attackers can bypass IP-based rate limiting on admin login and forge audit log entries to conceal malicious activity.

📄 Description (Arabic)

تحتوي ثغرة CVE-2026-35391 على عيب في معالجة رأس X-Forwarded-For في Bulwark Webmail حيث يتم الوثوق بالإدخال الأول دون التحقق من صحته. يمكن للمهاجمين استغلال هذا لتجاوز حماية معدل الوصول على صفحة تسجيل الدخول الإدارية وتنفيذ هجمات القوة الغاشمة. كما يمكنهم تزييف سجلات التدقيق لإخفاء أنشطتهم الضارة.

🤖 ملخص تنفيذي (AI)

إصدارات Bulwark Webmail السابقة للإصدار 1.4.11 تحتوي على ثغرة تزييف عنوان IP في دالة getClientIP() التي تثق برأس X-Forwarded-For دون التحقق. يمكن للمهاجمين تجاوز تحديد معدل الوصول المستند إلى IP وتزييف إدخالات سجل التدقيق.

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 2, 2026 19:16
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi Relevance: high
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
banking telecom government healthcare
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.0
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
Upgrade Bulwark Webmail to version 1.4.11 or later immediately. Implement proper X-Forwarded-For header validation by trusting only the rightmost IP address from a known proxy or implementing a whitelist of trusted proxy servers. Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block suspicious X-Forwarded-For header patterns. Review and strengthen IP-based rate limiting mechanisms with additional authentication factors.
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
قم بترقية Bulwark Webmail إلى الإصدار 1.4.11 أو أحدث على الفور. قم بتنفيذ التحقق الصحيح من رأس X-Forwarded-For بالثقة فقط في عنوان IP الأيمن من وكيل معروف أو تنفيذ قائمة بيضاء لخوادم الوكيل الموثوقة. قم بنشر قواعد جدار الحماية لتطبيقات الويب (WAF) للكشف عن أنماط رأس X-Forwarded-For المريبة وحظرها. راجع وقوّي آليات تحديد معدل الوصول المستندة إلى IP باستخدام عوامل مصادقة إضافية.
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
5.1.1 5.1.2 5.2.1 5.3.1
🔵 SAMA CSF
AC-3 AC-4 AU-2 AU-12
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.9.2.1 A.9.2.5 A.12.4.1 A.12.4.3
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
bulwarkmail:webmail
📊 CVSS Score
7.5
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityN — None / Network
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityN — None / Network
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.5
CWECWE-348
EPSS0.02%
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-04-06
Source Feed nvd
Views 4
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.0
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
CWE-348
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