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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-40360

High
CWE-125 — Weakness Type
Published: May 12, 2026  ·  Modified: May 19, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.8
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-40360 is a high-severity out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Microsoft Office Excel that allows local attackers to disclose sensitive information. With a CVSS score of 7.8, this vulnerability poses significant risk to organizations handling confidential data through spreadsheets. Currently, no patch is available, requiring immediate implementation of compensating controls and user awareness measures.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 18, 2026 19:27
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses significant risk to Saudi banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions), government agencies (NCA oversight), and energy sector (ARAMCO, Saudi Aramco subsidiaries) that extensively use Excel for financial modeling, regulatory reporting, and sensitive data analysis. Healthcare organizations managing patient records and telecom operators (STC, Mobily) processing customer data are also at elevated risk. The local attack vector limits exposure but remains critical for organizations with shared workstations or compromised endpoints.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Energy and Utilities Healthcare Telecommunications Insurance Education
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.8
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
Immediate Actions:
1. Inventory all Microsoft Office Excel installations across the organization and identify systems handling sensitive data
2. Restrict local access to systems running Excel through endpoint access controls and privileged access management
3. Implement application whitelisting to prevent unauthorized Excel execution
4. Disable Excel macros organization-wide via Group Policy (GPO) or Microsoft Intune

Compensating Controls:
1. Enable Windows Defender Application Guard for Office applications
2. Implement Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies to monitor and restrict sensitive data in Excel files
3. Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for suspicious Excel process behavior
4. Enforce file integrity monitoring on shared drives containing Excel files
5. Implement network segmentation to isolate systems with sensitive data

Detection Rules:
1. Monitor for Excel.exe spawning unexpected child processes
2. Alert on Excel accessing memory regions outside normal bounds
3. Track unusual file access patterns from Excel processes
4. Monitor for Excel files being copied to external media or network shares
5. Implement YARA rules to detect malicious Excel file patterns

User Awareness:
1. Train users to avoid opening Excel files from untrusted sources
2. Educate on risks of shared workstations and local privilege escalation
3. Implement email filtering to restrict Excel attachment delivery
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. حصر جميع تثبيتات Microsoft Office Excel عبر المنظمة وتحديد الأنظمة التي تتعامل مع البيانات الحساسة
2. تقييد الوصول المحلي للأنظمة التي تعمل بـ Excel من خلال ضوابط الوصول والإدارة المميزة
3. تطبيق قائمة التطبيقات المسموحة لمنع تنفيذ Excel غير المصرح به
4. تعطيل وحدات الماكرو في Excel على مستوى المنظمة عبر سياسة المجموعة أو Microsoft Intune

الضوابط البديلة:
1. تفعيل Windows Defender Application Guard لتطبيقات Office
2. تطبيق سياسات منع فقدان البيانات (DLP) لمراقبة وتقييد البيانات الحساسة في ملفات Excel
3. نشر حلول الكشف والاستجابة على نقاط النهاية (EDR) لمراقبة سلوك عمليات Excel المريبة
4. تطبيق مراقبة سلامة الملفات على محركات الأقراص المشتركة التي تحتوي على ملفات Excel
5. تطبيق تقسيم الشبكة لعزل الأنظمة التي تحتوي على بيانات حساسة

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة Excel.exe لإنشاء عمليات فرعية غير متوقعة
2. تنبيهات عند وصول Excel إلى مناطق الذاكرة خارج الحدود العادية
3. تتبع أنماط الوصول غير المعتادة من عمليات Excel
4. مراقبة نسخ ملفات Excel إلى وسائط خارجية أو مشاركات شبكية
5. تطبيق قواعس YARA للكشف عن أنماط ملفات Excel الضارة

توعية المستخدمين:
1. تدريب المستخدمين على تجنب فتح ملفات Excel من مصادر غير موثوقة
2. التثقيف حول مخاطر محطات العمل المشتركة وتصعيد الامتيازات المحلية
3. تطبيق تصفية البريد الإلكتروني لتقييد تسليم مرفقات Excel
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
5.1.1 - Information Security Policies and Procedures 5.2.1 - Access Control Implementation 5.3.1 - Cryptography and Data Protection 5.4.1 - Incident Management and Response 5.5.1 - System and Communications Protection
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.AM-2 - Software Inventory PR.AC-1 - Access Control Policy PR.PT-2 - Data Security DE.CM-1 - System Monitoring RS.MI-1 - Incident Response Planning
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.5.1.1 - Policies for information security A.6.1.1 - Information security roles and responsibilities A.8.1.1 - User endpoint devices A.8.2.1 - User access management A.8.3.1 - User responsibilities A.12.2.1 - Restrictions on software installation A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
1.1 - Firewall configuration standards 2.1 - Default security parameters 6.2 - Security patches and updates 10.1 - Audit trails implementation
📊 CVSS Score
7.8
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorL — Low / Local
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.8
CWECWE-125
EPSS0.06%
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-05-12
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.8
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
CWE-125
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