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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-40411

Critical
CWE-20 — Weakness Type
Published: May 22, 2026  ·  Modified: May 29, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
9.9
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Improper input validation in Azure Virtual Network Gateway allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-40411 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability (CVSS 9.9) in Azure Virtual Network Gateway caused by improper input validation. An authorized attacker can execute arbitrary code over the network, potentially compromising hybrid cloud infrastructure and on-premises network connectivity. This poses an immediate threat to organizations using Azure VNG for critical network operations, particularly in Saudi Arabia's government and financial sectors.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 27, 2026 20:32
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses critical risk to Saudi organizations, particularly: (1) SAMA-regulated banks and financial institutions relying on Azure VNG for secure hybrid connectivity; (2) Government entities (NCA, CITC, Ministry of Interior) using Azure for critical infrastructure; (3) ARAMCO and energy sector organizations with hybrid cloud deployments; (4) STC and telecom providers managing network gateways; (5) Healthcare organizations (MOH) with cloud-based patient data systems. The authorization requirement reduces immediate risk but insider threats and compromised service accounts remain significant concerns.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Energy and Utilities Telecommunications Healthcare Defense and Security Critical Infrastructure
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
9.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Inventory all Azure Virtual Network Gateways in your environment and document authorized users with access
2. Implement network segmentation to restrict access to VNG management interfaces to trusted IP ranges only
3. Enable Azure Activity Logging and monitor for suspicious authentication attempts and configuration changes
4. Review and revoke unnecessary service principal permissions with VNG access
5. Implement conditional access policies requiring MFA for all VNG administrative operations

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (until patch available):
6. Deploy Azure Firewall or Network Security Groups to restrict inbound traffic to VNG to essential protocols only
7. Implement Azure Policy to enforce encryption in transit for all VNG connections
8. Enable Azure Defender for Cloud to monitor VNG resources for anomalous behavior
9. Restrict VNG configuration changes to a limited set of privileged accounts with enhanced monitoring
10. Implement just-in-time (JIT) access for VNG administrative tasks

DETECTION RULES:
- Alert on any VNG configuration changes outside maintenance windows
- Monitor for failed authentication attempts followed by successful logins
- Track unusual data exfiltration patterns from VNG-connected networks
- Alert on creation of new service principals with VNG permissions
- Monitor for PowerShell/CLI commands targeting VNG resources from unusual locations
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. قم بحصر جميع بوابات الشبكة الافتراضية في Azure في بيئتك وتوثيق المستخدمين المصرح لهم بالوصول
2. تطبيق تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد الوصول إلى واجهات إدارة VNG إلى نطاقات IP موثوقة فقط
3. تفعيل تسجيل نشاط Azure ومراقبة محاولات المصادقة المريبة والتغييرات في الإعدادات
4. مراجعة وإلغاء أذونات مبادئ الخدمة غير الضرورية مع وصول VNG
5. تطبيق سياسات الوصول الشرطي التي تتطلب المصادقة متعددة العوامل لجميع عمليات إدارة VNG

الضوابط التعويضية (حتى توفر التصحيح):
6. نشر جدار حماية Azure أو مجموعات أمان الشبكة لتقييد حركة المرور الواردة إلى VNG للبروتوكولات الأساسية فقط
7. تطبيق سياسة Azure لفرض التشفير أثناء النقل لجميع اتصالات VNG
8. تفعيل Azure Defender للسحابة لمراقبة موارد VNG للسلوك الشاذ
9. تقييد تغييرات إعدادات VNG إلى مجموعة محدودة من الحسابات المميزة مع المراقبة المحسنة
10. تطبيق الوصول في الوقت المناسب (JIT) لمهام إدارة VNG

قواعد الكشف:
- تنبيهات على أي تغييرات في إعدادات VNG خارج نوافذ الصيانة
- مراقبة محاولات المصادقة الفاشلة متبوعة بعمليات تسجيل دخول ناجحة
- تتبع أنماط تسرب البيانات غير العادية من الشبكات المتصلة بـ VNG
- تنبيهات عند إنشاء مبادئ خدمة جديدة مع أذونات VNG
- مراقبة أوامر PowerShell/CLI التي تستهدف موارد VNG من مواقع غير عادية
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.5.1.1 - Access Control Policies ECC 2024 A.5.2.1 - User Registration and De-registration ECC 2024 A.5.3.1 - Access Rights Review ECC 2024 A.8.1.1 - Audit Logging ECC 2024 A.8.2.1 - Protection of Log Information ECC 2024 A.12.4.1 - Event Logging ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure Development Policy
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.AM-1 - Asset Management SAMA CSF ID.AM-2 - Business Environment SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access Control SAMA CSF PR.AC-4 - Access Management SAMA CSF DE.AE-1 - Anomalies and Events Detection SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - System Monitoring SAMA CSF RS.MI-1 - Incident Response Mitigation
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.1 - Policies for Information Security ISO 27001:2022 A.5.2 - Information Security Roles and Responsibilities ISO 27001:2022 A.5.3 - Segregation of Duties ISO 27001:2022 A.6.1 - Screening ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1 - User Endpoint Devices ISO 27001:2022 A.8.2 - Privileged Access Rights ISO 27001:2022 A.8.3 - Information Access Restriction ISO 27001:2022 A.8.4 - Access to Cryptography ISO 27001:2022 A.12.4 - Logging ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2 - Secure Development Policy
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 3.2.1 - Strong Cryptography PCI DSS 6.2 - Security Patches PCI DSS 7.1 - Access Control Implementation PCI DSS 8.1 - User Identification PCI DSS 8.2 - Authentication PCI DSS 10.2 - Logging and Monitoring
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
microsoft:azure_virtual_network_gateway:-
📊 CVSS Score
9.9
/ 10.0 — Critical
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredL — Low / Local
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeC — Changed
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity Critical
CVSS Score9.9
CWECWE-20
EPSS0.09%
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-05-22
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
9.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
CWE-20
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