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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-40614

High
CWE-122 — Weakness Type
Published: Apr 21, 2026  ·  Modified: Apr 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
8.8
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

PJSIP is a free and open source multimedia communication library written in C. In 2.16 and earlier, there is a buffer overflow when decoding Opus audio frames due to insufficient buffer size validation in the Opus codec decode path. The FEC decode buffers (dec_frame[].buf) were allocated based on a PCM-derived formula: (sample_rate/1000) * 60 * channel_cnt * 2. At 8 kHz mono this yields only 960 bytes, but codec_parse() can output encoded frames up to MAX_ENCODED_PACKET_SIZE (1280) bytes via opus_repacketizer_out_range(). The three pj_memcpy() calls in codec_decode() copied input->size bytes without bounds checking, causing a heap buffer overflow.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

PJSIP versions 2.16 and earlier contain a critical heap buffer overflow vulnerability in Opus audio codec decoding due to undersized FEC decode buffers. An attacker can trigger the overflow by sending specially crafted Opus-encoded audio frames, potentially leading to remote code execution or denial of service. This vulnerability affects all organizations using PJSIP for VoIP, unified communications, or multimedia applications.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 24, 2026 00:37
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi telecommunications operators (STC, Mobily, Zain) using PJSIP for VoIP infrastructure face critical risk of service disruption and potential RCE. Banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions) utilizing PJSIP in secure communication systems could experience unauthorized access or call interception. Government agencies and critical infrastructure operators (ARAMCO, SEC) relying on PJSIP-based communications are at high risk. Healthcare providers using PJSIP for telemedicine platforms could face patient data exposure. The vulnerability is particularly severe for organizations running legacy PJSIP versions in production environments without regular patching cycles.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain) Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated) Government and Public Administration Energy and Utilities (ARAMCO, SEC) Healthcare and Telemedicine Critical Infrastructure
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
8.9
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all systems running PJSIP versions 2.16 and earlier using network scanning and asset inventory tools
2. Isolate or restrict network access to affected PJSIP instances from untrusted networks
3. Disable Opus codec support if not required for business operations
4. Monitor for suspicious audio frame patterns and codec errors in logs

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Upgrade PJSIP to version 2.17 or later immediately
2. Apply patches to all production, staging, and development environments
3. Test patches in non-production environments before deployment
4. Coordinate with telecom vendors for patched PJSIP-dependent applications

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if immediate patching unavailable):
1. Implement network segmentation to restrict Opus codec traffic
2. Deploy WAF/IPS rules to detect oversized Opus packets (>1280 bytes)
3. Enable memory protection mechanisms (ASLR, DEP/NX) on PJSIP hosts
4. Implement strict input validation at application layer

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for Opus packets exceeding 1280 bytes in size
2. Alert on repeated codec decode errors or application crashes
3. Track heap memory corruption indicators in system logs
4. Monitor for unexpected process termination of PJSIP services
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع الأنظمة التي تقوم بتشغيل إصدارات PJSIP 2.16 وما قبلها باستخدام أدوات المسح والمخزون
2. عزل أو تقييد الوصول إلى شبكة مثيلات PJSIP المتأثرة من الشبكات غير الموثوقة
3. تعطيل دعم برنامج Opus الصوتي إذا لم يكن مطلوباً للعمليات التجارية
4. مراقبة أنماط إطارات صوتية مريبة وأخطاء برنامج في السجلات

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. ترقية PJSIP إلى الإصدار 2.17 أو أحدث على الفور
2. تطبيق التصحيحات على جميع بيئات الإنتاج والتجريب والتطوير
3. اختبار التصحيحات في بيئات غير الإنتاج قبل النشر
4. التنسيق مع موردي الاتصالات للحصول على تطبيقات PJSIP المصححة

الضوابط البديلة (إذا كان التصحيح الفوري غير متاح):
1. تنفيذ تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد حركة برنامج Opus
2. نشر قواعد WAF/IPS للكشف عن حزم Opus الكبيرة الحجم (>1280 بايت)
3. تفعيل آليات حماية الذاكرة (ASLR, DEP/NX) على مضيفي PJSIP
4. تنفيذ التحقق الصارم من المدخلات على مستوى التطبيق

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة حزم Opus التي تتجاوز 1280 بايت في الحجم
2. تنبيه أخطاء فك تشفير برنامج متكررة أو أعطال التطبيق
3. تتبع مؤشرات تلف ذاكرة الكومة في سجلات النظام
4. مراقبة إنهاء العملية غير المتوقع لخدمات PJSIP
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging of access
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.RA-1 - Asset management and vulnerability identification PR.IP-12 - Software development security practices DE.CM-1 - Detection and monitoring of anomalous activity
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities A.14.2.1 - Secure development and change management A.12.4.1 - Event logging and monitoring
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
Requirement 6.2 - Security patches and updates Requirement 11.2 - Vulnerability scanning
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
pjsip:pjsip
📊 CVSS Score
8.8
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score8.8
CWECWE-122
EPSS0.01%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-04-21
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
8.9
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
patch-available CWE-122
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