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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-41893

High ⚡ Exploit Available
CWE-307 — Weakness Type
Published: May 9, 2026  ·  Modified: May 16, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.5
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat. Prior to version 2.25.0, the HTTP login endpoints (POST /login and POST /signalk/v1/auth/login) are protected by express-rate-limit (default: 100 attempts per 10-minute window, configurable via HTTP_RATE_LIMITS). The WebSocket login path — sending {login: {username, password}} messages over an established WebSocket connection — calls app.securityStrategy.login() directly without any rate limiting. An attacker can bypass HTTP rate limiting entirely by opening a WebSocket connection and attempting unlimited password guesses at the speed bcrypt allows (~20 attempts/sec with 10 salt rounds). This issue has been patched in version 2.25.0.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

Signal K Server versions prior to 2.25.0 contain a critical authentication bypass vulnerability allowing attackers to circumvent HTTP rate limiting on login endpoints by exploiting unprotected WebSocket login functionality. Attackers can perform unlimited password guessing attacks at ~20 attempts per second, significantly increasing brute-force attack success probability. This vulnerability affects maritime vessel management systems and IoT infrastructure commonly deployed in Saudi Arabian ports and offshore operations.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 15, 2026 23:51
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability primarily impacts Saudi Arabia's maritime and offshore sectors, including: (1) Port Authority operations and vessel management systems at major ports (Jeddah, Dammam, Yanbu); (2) ARAMCO offshore platforms and marine operations utilizing Signal K for vessel monitoring; (3) Saudi Navy and Coast Guard maritime command systems; (4) Private shipping and logistics companies operating in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf; (5) IoT-enabled maritime infrastructure and smart port initiatives. The vulnerability enables unauthorized access to vessel control systems, navigation data, and operational intelligence, posing significant risks to maritime security and critical infrastructure.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Maritime and Shipping Oil and Gas (ARAMCO offshore operations) Government (Saudi Navy, Coast Guard) Port Authority and Logistics Critical Infrastructure (offshore platforms) IoT and Smart Port Systems
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
8.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all Signal K Server instances in your environment using network scanning and asset inventory tools
2. Isolate affected systems from public internet access; restrict WebSocket connections to trusted networks only
3. Implement network-level rate limiting on WebSocket connections (IDS/IPS rules)
4. Monitor WebSocket login attempts for suspicious patterns (multiple failed attempts from single source)

PATCHING:
1. Upgrade Signal K Server to version 2.25.0 or later immediately
2. Test patches in non-production environments first
3. Coordinate patching with vessel operations to minimize downtime

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if immediate patching not possible):
1. Implement WAF/reverse proxy rules to rate-limit WebSocket /login messages
2. Deploy network segmentation: restrict WebSocket access to authorized administrative networks only
3. Enable strong authentication: enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all user accounts
4. Implement account lockout policies: lock accounts after 5 failed login attempts for 30 minutes
5. Deploy SIEM rules to detect and alert on rapid WebSocket login attempts (>10 attempts/minute from single IP)

DETECTION:
1. Monitor WebSocket connection logs for repeated login failures
2. Alert on connection patterns: multiple WebSocket connections from same source IP
3. Track bcrypt operation timing anomalies (sustained high CPU usage from login processes)
4. Log all successful logins with source IP, timestamp, and user account for forensic analysis
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع مثيلات خادم Signal K في بيئتك باستخدام أدوات المسح الشبكي وجرد الأصول
2. عزل الأنظمة المتأثرة عن الإنترنت العام؛ تقييد اتصالات WebSocket للشبكات الموثوقة فقط
3. تنفيذ تحديد معدل على مستوى الشبكة لاتصالات WebSocket (قواعد IDS/IPS)
4. مراقبة محاولات تسجيل الدخول عبر WebSocket للأنماط المريبة (محاولات فاشلة متعددة من مصدر واحد)

التصحيح:
1. ترقية خادم Signal K إلى الإصدار 2.25.0 أو أحدث على الفور
2. اختبار التصحيحات في بيئات غير الإنتاج أولاً
3. تنسيق التصحيح مع عمليات السفن لتقليل وقت التوقف

الضوابط البديلة (إذا لم يكن التصحيح الفوري ممكناً):
1. تنفيذ قواعد WAF/reverse proxy لتحديد معدل رسائل WebSocket /login
2. نشر تقسيم الشبكة: تقييد وصول WebSocket للشبكات الإدارية المصرح بها فقط
3. تفعيل المصادقة القوية: فرض المصادقة متعددة العوامل (MFA) لجميع حسابات المستخدمين
4. تنفيذ سياسات قفل الحساب: قفل الحسابات بعد 5 محاولات تسجيل دخول فاشلة لمدة 30 دقيقة
5. نشر قواعد SIEM للكشف والتنبيه عن محاولات تسجيل الدخول السريعة عبر WebSocket (>10 محاولات/دقيقة من عنوان IP واحد)

الكشف:
1. مراقبة سجلات اتصال WebSocket لفشل تسجيل الدخول المتكرر
2. التنبيه على أنماط الاتصال: اتصالات WebSocket متعددة من عنوان IP نفسه
3. تتبع شذوذ توقيت عملية bcrypt (استخدام CPU مرتفع مستدام من عمليات تسجيل الدخول)
4. تسجيل جميع عمليات تسجيل الدخول الناجحة مع عنوان IP والطابع الزمني واسم حساب المستخدم للتحليل الجنائي
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.9.2.1 - User registration and access rights management ECC 2024 A.9.4.3 - Password management systems ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy and procedures ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.AM-2 - Software, hardware, and firmware inventory SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access control policy and procedures SAMA CSF PR.AC-6 - Access control for remote access SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - Network monitoring and detection
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.15 - Access control ISO 27001:2022 A.6.2 - User access management ISO 27001:2022 A.8.3 - Cryptography ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6 - Management of technical vulnerabilities and exposures
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 2.1 - Change default passwords PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates PCI DSS 8.1 - User identification and authentication PCI DSS 8.2.3 - Password strength requirements
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
signalk:signal_k_server
📊 CVSS Score
7.5
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityN — None / Network
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityN — None / Network
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.5
CWECWE-307
EPSS0.05%
Exploit ✓ Yes
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-05-09
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
8.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
exploit-available patch-available CWE-307
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