📄 Description (English)
OpenClaw before 2026.4.14 contains an improper access control vulnerability in browser snapshot, screenshot, and tab routes that fail to consistently validate the final browser target after navigation. Authenticated callers can bypass SSRF restrictions to expose internal or disallowed page content by exploiting route-driven navigation without proper policy re-validation.
🤖 AI Executive Summary
OpenClaw versions before 2026.4.14 contain an improper access control vulnerability (CWE-862) in browser automation routes that allows authenticated users to bypass SSRF restrictions and access restricted internal content. The vulnerability stems from insufficient re-validation of browser targets after navigation, enabling attackers to view sensitive pages through screenshot and snapshot functionality. With a CVSS score of 7.7, this poses a significant risk to organizations using OpenClaw for browser automation and security testing.
📄 Description (Arabic)
🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 8, 2026 19:16
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi organizations using OpenClaw for security testing, web automation, or internal browser-based tools face significant risk. Most impacted sectors include: (1) Banking & Financial Services (SAMA-regulated entities) — risk of unauthorized access to internal banking portals and customer data; (2) Government & Critical Infrastructure (NCA oversight) — exposure of classified or restricted government systems; (3) Telecommunications (STC, Mobily) — potential access to internal network management interfaces; (4) Energy Sector (ARAMCO, SEC) — exposure of operational technology dashboards and control systems; (5) Healthcare — unauthorized access to patient management systems and medical records. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in Saudi Arabia's regulated environment where access controls are mandated by SAMA CSF and NCA ECC frameworks.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking & Financial Services
Government & Public Administration
Critical Infrastructure
Telecommunications
Energy & Utilities
Healthcare
Defense & Security
🎯 MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
T1190 — Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1021 — Remote Services (browser automation abuse)
T1552 — Unsecured Credentials (authentication bypass)
T1526 — Reconnaissance (internal network discovery via SSRF)
T1087 — Account Discovery (internal system enumeration)
T1040 — Traffic Sniffing (screenshot content exposure)
T1557 — Man-in-the-Middle (potential session hijacking)
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.8
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all instances of OpenClaw deployed in your environment and document their version numbers
2. Restrict access to OpenClaw browser automation endpoints to trusted internal networks only
3. Implement network-level controls (WAF/proxy rules) to block suspicious navigation patterns
4. Audit all browser snapshot/screenshot requests from the past 90 days for unauthorized access attempts
5. Review access logs for authenticated users accessing restricted internal URLs
PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Upgrade to OpenClaw 2026.4.14 or later immediately when available
2. If upgrade is not immediately possible, implement compensating controls (see below)
3. Test patches in non-production environment before deployment
COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if patch unavailable):
1. Implement strict URL whitelist validation at application level — reject any navigation requests to internal IP ranges (10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16, 127.0.0.1)
2. Disable browser snapshot/screenshot functionality if not actively required
3. Implement request signing and timestamp validation for all browser automation API calls
4. Deploy reverse proxy with strict SSRF filtering rules
5. Enforce mutual TLS (mTLS) for all OpenClaw API communications
DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for POST/GET requests to /browser/snapshot, /browser/screenshot, /browser/tab routes with navigation parameters
2. Alert on any requests containing internal IP addresses or localhost references in URL parameters
3. Track authentication tokens used for browser automation and correlate with unusual access patterns
4. Log all navigation events and cross-reference against approved URL policies
5. Implement IDS signatures detecting SSRF bypass attempts (e.g., URL encoding variations, protocol handlers)
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. حدد جميع حالات OpenClaw المنتشرة في بيئتك وقم بتوثيق أرقام إصداراتها
2. قيّد الوصول إلى نقاط نهاية أتمتة متصفح OpenClaw للشبكات الداخلية الموثوقة فقط
3. طبّق عناصر تحكم على مستوى الشبكة (قواعد WAF/proxy) لحظر أنماط الملاحة المريبة
4. قم بمراجعة جميع طلبات لقطة الشاشة/الصور من آخر 90 يوماً للكشف عن محاولات الوصول غير المصرح به
5. راجع سجلات الوصول للمستخدمين المصرح لهم الذين يصلون إلى عناوين URL داخلية مقيدة
إرشادات التصحيح:
1. قم بالترقية إلى OpenClaw 2026.4.14 أو إصدار أحدث فوراً عند توفره
2. إذا لم يكن الترقية ممكنة على الفور، طبّق عناصر تحكم تعويضية
3. اختبر التصحيحات في بيئة غير الإنتاج قبل النشر
عناصر التحكم التعويضية:
1. طبّق التحقق من قائمة بيضاء صارمة للعناوين على مستوى التطبيق — رفض أي طلبات ملاحة إلى نطاقات IP الداخلية
2. عطّل وظيفة لقطة الشاشة/الصور إذا لم تكن مطلوبة بنشاط
3. طبّق التوقيع والتحقق من الطابع الزمني لجميع استدعاءات API لأتمتة المتصفح
4. نشّر خادم وكيل عكسي مع قواعد تصفية SSRF صارمة
5. فرض TLS المتبادل (mTLS) لجميع اتصالات OpenClaw API
قواعد الكشف:
1. راقب طلبات POST/GET إلى مسارات /browser/snapshot و /browser/screenshot و /browser/tab مع معاملات الملاحة
2. أصدر تنبيهات لأي طلبات تحتوي على عناوين IP داخلية أو مراجع localhost في معاملات URL
3. تتبع رموز المصادقة المستخدمة لأتمتة المتصفح والربط مع أنماط الوصول غير العادية
4. سجّل جميع أحداث الملاحة والمراجعة المرجعية مقابل سياسات URL المعتمدة
5. طبّق توقيعات IDS للكشف عن محاولات تجاوز SSRF
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.9.1.1 — Access control policy and implementation
ECC 2024 A.9.2.1 — User registration and access rights management
ECC 2024 A.9.4.3 — Password management and authentication
ECC 2024 A.13.1.3 — Segregation of networks and systems
ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 — Change management procedures
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF 1.1 — Governance and Risk Management (access control policies)
SAMA CSF 2.1 — Asset Management (identification and control of critical assets)
SAMA CSF 3.2 — Access Control (authentication and authorization)
SAMA CSF 4.1 — Detection and Analysis (monitoring and logging)
SAMA CSF 5.2 — Recovery Planning and Procedures (incident response)
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.3 — Segregation of duties
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1 — User endpoint devices
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.2 — Privileged access rights
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.3 — Information access restriction
ISO 27001:2022 A.9.2 — User access management
ISO 27001:2022 A.9.4 — Access control for special requirements
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 2.1 — Security configuration standards
PCI DSS 6.2 — Security patches and updates
PCI DSS 7.1 — Limit access to system components
PCI DSS 8.2 — User identification and authentication
🔗 References & Sources 3
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https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/b75ad800a59009fc47eaa3471410f69046150e59
disclosure@vulncheck.com
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-c4qm-58hj-j6pj
disclosure@vulncheck.com
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-internal-page-content-exposure-via-browse...
disclosure@vulncheck.com