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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-44432

High
CWE-409 — Weakness Type
Published: May 13, 2026  ·  Modified: May 20, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.5
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

urllib3 is an HTTP client library for Python. From 2.6.0 to before 2.7.0, urllib3 could decompress the whole response instead of the requested portion (1) during the second HTTPResponse.read(amt=N) call when the response was decompressed using the official Brotli library or (2) when HTTPResponse.drain_conn() was called after the response had been read and decompressed partially (compression algorithm did not matter here). These issues could cause urllib3 to fully decode a small amount of highly compressed data in a single operation. This could result in excessive resource consumption (high CPU usage and massive memory allocation for the decompressed data) on the client side. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.0.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

urllib3 versions 2.6.0 to 2.6.x contain a decompression vulnerability (CVE-2026-44432) that can cause excessive resource consumption through uncontrolled decompression of HTTP responses. When reading compressed responses in multiple chunks or calling drain_conn() after partial reads, the library may decompress entire responses instead of requested portions, leading to high CPU usage and massive memory allocation. This affects Python applications using urllib3 for HTTP communication, particularly those handling compressed content from untrusted sources.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 20, 2026 12:04
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses significant risk to Saudi organizations relying on Python-based applications for API integrations and data processing. Critical impact areas include: (1) Banking/SAMA-regulated institutions using urllib3 for payment gateway integrations and financial data APIs; (2) Government agencies and NCA-supervised entities processing compressed government data; (3) Telecom operators (STC, Mobily, Zain) using Python microservices for network management; (4) Healthcare providers processing compressed patient data; (5) Energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC) using Python for SCADA/ICS communications. The vulnerability enables Denial of Service attacks through resource exhaustion, potentially disrupting critical services.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated) Government and Public Administration (NCA-supervised) Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain) Healthcare and Medical Services Energy and Petroleum (ARAMCO, SEC) E-commerce and Retail Cloud Service Providers Software Development and IT Services
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all Python applications using urllib3 versions 2.6.0-2.6.x by running: pip list | grep urllib3
2. Audit code for HTTPResponse.read(amt=N) calls with multiple iterations and drain_conn() usage patterns
3. Implement request size limits and timeouts to prevent resource exhaustion

PATCHING GUIDANCE:
1. Upgrade urllib3 to version 2.7.0 or later immediately: pip install --upgrade urllib3>=2.7.0
2. For applications unable to upgrade immediately, pin urllib3 to version 2.5.x or earlier
3. Test thoroughly in staging environment before production deployment

COMPENSATING CONTROLS (if upgrade delayed):
1. Implement strict HTTP response size limits at application level
2. Set aggressive read timeouts (e.g., socket.timeout = 5 seconds)
3. Disable automatic decompression where possible; handle decompression manually with size limits
4. Monitor CPU and memory usage for anomalies; set alerts for >80% sustained usage
5. Implement rate limiting on API endpoints returning compressed responses

DETECTION RULES:
1. Monitor for processes with urllib3 consuming >500MB memory during HTTP operations
2. Alert on CPU spikes (>90%) correlated with urllib3 network operations
3. Log all HTTPResponse.read() calls with amt parameter; flag multiple sequential calls
4. Track drain_conn() invocations after partial reads
5. Implement WAF rules to reject responses >10MB for non-streaming endpoints
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع تطبيقات Python التي تستخدم urllib3 الإصدارات 2.6.0-2.6.x بتشغيل: pip list | grep urllib3
2. مراجعة الكود للبحث عن استدعاءات HTTPResponse.read(amt=N) مع تكرارات متعددة واستخدام drain_conn()
3. تطبيق حدود حجم الطلب والمهل الزمنية لمنع استنزاف الموارد

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. ترقية urllib3 إلى الإصدار 2.7.0 أو أحدث فوراً: pip install --upgrade urllib3>=2.7.0
2. للتطبيقات غير القادرة على الترقية فوراً، قم بتثبيت urllib3 على الإصدار 2.5.x أو أقدم
3. اختبر بدقة في بيئة التجريب قبل نشر الإنتاج

الضوابط البديلة (إذا تأخر التحديث):
1. تطبيق حدود صارمة لحجم استجابة HTTP على مستوى التطبيق
2. تعيين مهل زمنية قراءة عدوانية (مثل socket.timeout = 5 ثوان)
3. تعطيل فك الضغط التلقائي حيث أمكن؛ معالجة فك الضغط يدويًا مع حدود الحجم
4. مراقبة استخدام CPU والذاكرة للكشف عن الشذوذ؛ تعيين تنبيهات للاستخدام المستمر >80%
5. تطبيق تحديد معدل على نقاط نهاية API التي تُرجع استجابات مضغوطة

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة العمليات التي تستهلك urllib3 أكثر من 500MB من الذاكرة أثناء عمليات HTTP
2. تنبيه على ارتفاعات CPU (>90%) المرتبطة بعمليات شبكة urllib3
3. تسجيل جميع استدعاءات HTTPResponse.read() مع معامل amt؛ وضع علامة على استدعاءات متسلسلة متعددة
4. تتبع استدعاءات drain_conn() بعد القراءات الجزئية
5. تطبيق قواعس WAF لرفض الاستجابات >10MB لنقاط النهاية غير المتدفقة
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Change management procedures ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ECC 2024 A.12.3.1 - Segregation of development, test and production environments
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.RA-1 - Asset management and vulnerability identification SAMA CSF PR.IP-12 - Software development security practices SAMA CSF DE.CM-8 - Vulnerability scans and assessments SAMA CSF RS.MI-2 - Incident response and mitigation
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.12.2.1 - Change management ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1.1 - Inventory of assets
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates PCI DSS 6.3.2 - Vulnerability scanning and remediation PCI DSS 12.2.1 - Configuration standards for system components
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
python:urllib3
📊 CVSS Score
7.5
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityN — None / Network
IntegrityN — None / Network
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.5
CWECWE-409
EPSS0.06%
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-05-13
Source Feed nvd
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
7.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
CWE-409
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