📄 Description (English)
A vulnerability was found in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 221110. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument dmz_flag/del_flag results in command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
🤖 AI Executive Summary
A command injection vulnerability exists in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 routers via the /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi endpoint, allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through manipulation of dmz_flag/del_flag parameters. With a CVSS score of 6.3 and public exploit availability, this poses a significant risk to organizations using these devices as network perimeter equipment. No patch is currently available from the vendor, requiring immediate compensating controls.
📄 Description (Arabic)
🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 17, 2026 14:58
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi organizations in telecommunications (STC, Mobily), government agencies (NCA, CITC), and banking sector using Wavlink WL-WN578W2 routers as edge devices face direct risk of network compromise. Energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC) and healthcare institutions relying on these devices for network segmentation are particularly vulnerable. The command injection capability allows attackers to bypass firewall rules, establish persistent access, and potentially pivot into critical infrastructure networks. Government entities managing national cybersecurity infrastructure are at elevated risk given the public exploit availability and vendor non-responsiveness.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain)
Government (NCA, CITC, Ministry of Interior)
Banking and Financial Services (SAMA regulated institutions)
Energy (ARAMCO, SEC)
Healthcare (MOH, private hospitals)
Education (Universities, research institutions)
Critical Infrastructure
🎯 MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
7.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all Wavlink WL-WN578W2 devices in your network using asset discovery tools and network scanning
2. Isolate affected devices from critical network segments or place behind additional security appliances
3. Disable remote management access to the firewall.cgi endpoint if not essential
4. Implement network-level access controls restricting POST requests to /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi
COMPENSATING CONTROLS:
1. Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules blocking POST requests containing 'dmz_flag' or 'del_flag' parameters with special characters
2. Implement strict input validation at network perimeter using IDS/IPS signatures
3. Monitor firewall logs for suspicious POST requests to /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi
4. Segment network to limit lateral movement if device is compromised
5. Enable command execution logging on affected devices if available
DETECTION RULES:
1. Alert on POST requests to /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi containing shell metacharacters (;|&$`)
2. Monitor for unexpected process execution originating from web server processes
3. Track failed authentication attempts and unusual firewall rule modifications
4. Implement YARA rules for command injection payloads in HTTP traffic
PATCHING STRATEGY:
1. Contact Wavlink support for security updates or consider device replacement
2. Evaluate alternative router solutions with active vendor support
3. Plan migration timeline for affected devices
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع أجهزة Wavlink WL-WN578W2 في شبكتك باستخدام أدوات اكتشاف الأصول والمسح الشبكي
2. عزل الأجهزة المتأثرة عن قطاعات الشبكة الحرجة أو وضعها خلف أجهزة أمان إضافية
3. تعطيل الوصول الإداري البعيد إلى نقطة النهاية firewall.cgi إذا لم تكن ضرورية
4. تطبيق ضوابط الوصول على مستوى الشبكة لتقييد طلبات POST إلى /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi
الضوابط التعويضية:
1. نشر قواعد جدار حماية تطبيقات الويب (WAF) لحجب طلبات POST التي تحتوي على معاملات dmz_flag أو del_flag بأحرف خاصة
2. تطبيق التحقق الصارم من المدخلات على محيط الشبكة باستخدام توقيعات IDS/IPS
3. مراقبة سجلات جدار الحماية للطلبات المريبة إلى /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi
4. تقسيم الشبكة لتحديد الحركة الجانبية في حالة اختراق الجهاز
5. تفعيل تسجيل تنفيذ الأوامر على الأجهزة المتأثرة إن أمكن
قواعد الكشف:
1. تنبيه على طلبات POST إلى /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi التي تحتوي على أحرف ميتا shell (;|&$`)
2. مراقبة تنفيذ العمليات غير المتوقعة من عمليات خادم الويب
3. تتبع محاولات المصادقة الفاشلة والتعديلات غير العادية على قواعد جدار الحماية
4. تطبيق قواعد YARA لحمولات حقن الأوامر في حركة HTTP
استراتيجية التصحيح:
1. الاتصال بدعم Wavlink للحصول على تحديثات أمان أو النظر في استبدال الجهاز
2. تقييم حلول الموجهات البديلة مع دعم البائع النشط
3. تخطيط الجدول الزمني للهجرة للأجهزة المتأثرة
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.5.1.1 - Network security perimeter controls
ECC 2024 A.5.1.2 - Firewall and network segmentation
ECC 2024 A.5.1.3 - Access control to network services
ECC 2024 A.6.2.1 - Vulnerability management and patching
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.BE-1 - Asset management and inventory
SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access control policy and procedures
SAMA CSF PR.PT-1 - Security awareness and training
SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - Detection and monitoring systems
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.1 - Policies for information security
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1 - User endpoint devices
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.3 - Access control
ISO 27001:2022 A.8.6 - Access control to networks
ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6 - Management of technical vulnerabilities
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 1.1 - Firewall configuration standards
PCI DSS 1.2 - Firewall and router configuration documentation
PCI DSS 6.2 - Security patches and updates
🔗 References & Sources 6
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https://github.com/Litengzheng/vul_db/blob/main/WL-WN578W2/vul_4/README.md
cna@vuldb.com
https://github.com/Litengzheng/vul_db/blob/main/WL-WN578W2/vul_5/README.md
cna@vuldb.com
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352360
cna@vuldb.com
https://vuldb.com/?id.352360
cna@vuldb.com
https://vuldb.com/?submit.774690
cna@vuldb.com
https://vuldb.com/?submit.774691
cna@vuldb.com