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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-4639

High
Vitals ESP developed by Galaxy Software Services has a Incorrect Authorization vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to perform certain administrative functions, thereby escalating pr
CWE-863 — Weakness Type
Published: Mar 24, 2026  ·  Modified: Mar 30, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
8.8
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Vitals ESP developed by Galaxy Software Services has a Incorrect Authorization vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to perform certain administrative functions, thereby escalating privileges.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-4639 is a privilege escalation vulnerability in Vitals ESP that allows authenticated users to perform unauthorized administrative functions through improper authorization controls. With a CVSS score of 8.8, this poses a significant risk to organizations using this software. The absence of available patches makes immediate compensating controls critical for affected Saudi organizations.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 23, 2026 11:51
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability primarily impacts Saudi healthcare organizations and government agencies that utilize Vitals ESP for patient management and administrative functions. Healthcare facilities under SFDA oversight and government health departments are at highest risk. Secondary impact extends to any organization using Vitals ESP for critical administrative operations. The privilege escalation capability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, system configuration changes, and potential compliance violations under SFDA and NCA regulations.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Healthcare Government Public Health Administration Medical Facilities
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
8.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all systems running Vitals ESP and document their criticality and user access levels
2. Implement strict access controls limiting administrative function access to verified administrators only
3. Enable comprehensive audit logging for all administrative activities and privilege escalation attempts
4. Restrict network access to Vitals ESP systems using firewalls and network segmentation

COMPENSATING CONTROLS:
5. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all user accounts accessing Vitals ESP
6. Deploy User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA) to detect anomalous administrative activities
7. Conduct immediate access reviews and remove unnecessary administrative privileges
8. Implement role-based access control (RBAC) with principle of least privilege
9. Monitor for suspicious privilege escalation attempts using SIEM solutions

DETECTION RULES:
10. Alert on any non-administrative user attempting administrative functions
11. Monitor for rapid privilege escalation patterns within Vitals ESP
12. Track all administrative function executions with source user and timestamp
13. Contact Galaxy Software Services for security advisories and patch timelines
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع الأنظمة التي تعمل بـ Vitals ESP وتوثيق حرجيتها ومستويات وصول المستخدمين
2. تطبيق عناصر تحكم وصول صارمة تقصر وصول الوظائف الإدارية على المسؤولين المتحققين فقط
3. تفعيل تسجيل التدقيق الشامل لجميع الأنشطة الإدارية ومحاولات تصعيد الامتيازات
4. تقييد الوصول إلى الشبكة لأنظمة Vitals ESP باستخدام جدران الحماية وتقسيم الشبكة

عناصر التحكم التعويضية:
5. تطبيق المصادقة متعددة العوامل (MFA) لجميع حسابات المستخدمين التي تصل إلى Vitals ESP
6. نشر تحليلات سلوك المستخدم والكيان (UEBA) للكشف عن الأنشطة الإدارية الشاذة
7. إجراء مراجعات وصول فورية وإزالة الامتيازات الإدارية غير الضرورية
8. تطبيق التحكم في الوصول القائم على الأدوار (RBAC) مع مبدأ أقل امتياز
9. مراقبة محاولات تصعيد الامتيازات المريبة باستخدام حلول SIEM

قواعد الكشف:
10. تنبيه عند محاولة أي مستخدم غير إداري تنفيذ وظائف إدارية
11. مراقبة أنماط تصعيد الامتيازات السريعة داخل Vitals ESP
12. تتبع جميع عمليات الوظائف الإدارية مع المستخدم المصدر والطابع الزمني
13. التواصل مع Galaxy Software Services للحصول على التنبيهات الأمنية والجداول الزمنية للتصحيحات
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.9.2.1 - User access management and privilege escalation controls ECC 2024 A.9.4.3 - Access control review and monitoring ECC 2024 A.12.4.1 - Event logging and monitoring of administrative activities
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.AM-1 - Asset management and inventory of critical systems SAMA CSF PR.AC-1 - Access control policies and procedures SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - Detection and monitoring of unauthorized activities
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.5.15 - Access control ISO 27001:2022 A.8.2 - User access management ISO 27001:2022 A.8.3 - User responsibilities ISO 27001:2022 A.8.4 - Access rights review
📊 CVSS Score
8.8
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredL — Low / Local
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityH — High
IntegrityH — High
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score8.8
CWECWE-863
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-03-24
Source Feed nvd
Views 4
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
8.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: CRITICAL
🏷️ Tags
CWE-863
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