📄 Description (English)
A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-WN579X3-C 231124. This impacts the function sub_4019FC of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi of the component UPNP Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument UpnpEnabled can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
🤖 AI Executive Summary
A critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Wavlink WL-WN579X3-C firmware (version 231124) affecting the UPNP handler component. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by manipulating the UpnpEnabled parameter in /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi, potentially allowing arbitrary code execution. With public exploit availability and no vendor patch forthcoming, this poses an immediate threat to organizations using this networking equipment.
📄 Description (Arabic)
🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: Apr 23, 2026 13:56
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability poses significant risk to Saudi telecommunications infrastructure (STC, Mobily, Zain), government networks (NCA, NCSC), and enterprise networks utilizing Wavlink networking equipment. Banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions) and critical infrastructure operators (ARAMCO, SEC) are at risk if these devices are deployed in network perimeters. The remote exploitability without authentication makes this particularly dangerous for organizations with internet-facing network infrastructure. Small to medium enterprises and government agencies commonly deploy budget-friendly Wavlink equipment, increasing exposure across Saudi Arabia.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain)
Government (NCA, NCSC, Ministry networks)
Banking (SAMA-regulated institutions)
Energy (ARAMCO, SEC)
Healthcare (MOH facilities)
Enterprise/SME networks
Critical Infrastructure
🎯 MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
9.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS:
1. Identify all Wavlink WL-WN579X3-C devices in your network using asset discovery tools
2. Isolate affected devices from internet-facing networks immediately
3. Disable UPNP functionality if not operationally required
4. Implement network segmentation to restrict access to /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi
5. Monitor firewall logs for suspicious requests to the vulnerable endpoint
COMPENSATING CONTROLS (no patch available):
1. Deploy WAF rules to block requests containing 'UpnpEnabled' parameter manipulation
2. Implement strict input validation at network boundary
3. Use IDS/IPS signatures to detect buffer overflow attempts
4. Restrict administrative access to device management interfaces
5. Consider replacing affected devices with patched alternatives from other vendors
DETECTION RULES:
- Monitor for POST/GET requests to /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi with oversized UpnpEnabled parameters
- Alert on any attempts to access firewall.cgi from external networks
- Track firmware version 231124 across network inventory
- Monitor for unexpected process execution or system crashes on affected devices
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع أجهزة Wavlink WL-WN579X3-C في شبكتك باستخدام أدوات اكتشاف الأصول
2. عزل الأجهزة المتأثرة عن الشبكات المتصلة بالإنترنت فوراً
3. تعطيل وظيفة UPNP إذا لم تكن مطلوبة تشغيلياً
4. تطبيق تقسيم الشبكة لتقييد الوصول إلى /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi
5. مراقبة سجلات جدار الحماية للطلبات المريبة
الضوابط البديلة (لا يوجد تصحيح متاح):
1. نشر قواعد WAF لحجب الطلبات التي تحتوي على معالجة معاملات UpnpEnabled
2. تطبيق التحقق الصارم من المدخلات على حدود الشبكة
3. استخدام توقيعات IDS/IPS للكشف عن محاولات تجاوز المخزن المؤقت
4. تقييد الوصول الإداري إلى واجهات إدارة الأجهزة
5. النظر في استبدال الأجهزة المتأثرة ببدائل معدلة من بائعين آخرين
قواعد الكشف:
- مراقبة طلبات POST/GET إلى /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi بمعاملات UpnpEnabled كبيرة الحجم
- تنبيه على أي محاولات للوصول إلى firewall.cgi من شبكات خارجية
- تتبع الإصدار 231124 عبر جرد الشبكة
- مراقبة تنفيذ العمليات غير المتوقعة أو أعطال النظام على الأجهزة المتأثرة
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities
ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy
ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging
ECC 2024 A.13.1.3 - Segregation of networks
🔵 SAMA CSF
ID.RA-1 - Asset management and vulnerability identification
PR.IP-12 - Security patch management
DE.CM-1 - Detection and monitoring of network traffic
RS.MI-2 - Incident response and containment
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities
A.14.2.1 - Secure development and change management
A.13.1.1 - Network security perimeter
A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
Requirement 6.2 - Security patches and updates
Requirement 11.2 - Vulnerability scanning
Requirement 1.1 - Firewall configuration standards
🔗 References & Sources 4
🔗
https://github.com/Litengzheng/vul_db/blob/main/WL-WN579X3-C/vul_200/README.md
cna@vuldb.com
Exploit
Third Party Advisory
🔗
https://vuldb.com/submit/779149
cna@vuldb.com
Third Party Advisory
VDB Entry
🔗
https://vuldb.com/vuln/353891
cna@vuldb.com
Third Party Advisory
VDB Entry
🔗
https://vuldb.com/vuln/353891/cti
cna@vuldb.com
Permissions Required
VDB Entry
📦 Affected Products / CPE 1 entries
wavlink:wl-wn579x3-c_firmware:231124