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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-5317

Medium
A security flaw has been discovered in Nothings stb up to 1.22. This affects the function start_decoder of the file stb_vorbis.c. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. The attack may be per
CWE-119 — Weakness Type
Published: Apr 2, 2026  ·  Modified: Apr 5, 2026  ·  Source: CIRCL
CVSS v3
6.3
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

A security flaw has been discovered in Nothings stb up to 1.22. This affects the function start_decoder of the file stb_vorbis.c. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2026-5317 is a medium-severity out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Nothings stb library (up to version 1.22) affecting the stb_vorbis.c decoder. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely and has public exploit code available, though no patch has been released by the vendor. Organizations using stb for audio processing or embedded systems should immediately assess their exposure and implement compensating controls.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 18, 2026 10:48
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
This vulnerability primarily impacts Saudi organizations in: (1) Telecommunications sector (STC, Mobily, Zain) using stb for VoIP/audio codec processing; (2) Government agencies and NCA systems processing audio/media files; (3) Banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions) if stb is embedded in payment systems or security applications; (4) Healthcare organizations using audio-based telemedicine or medical device firmware; (5) Energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC) if stb is used in SCADA systems or industrial control audio processing. The lack of vendor response increases risk for critical infrastructure.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Telecommunications (STC, Mobily, Zain) Government and Public Administration (NCA) Banking and Financial Services (SAMA-regulated) Healthcare Energy and Utilities (ARAMCO, SEC) Media and Broadcasting Software Development and IT Services
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
6.8
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
Immediate Actions:
1. Inventory all systems using stb library versions up to 1.22, particularly stb_vorbis.c components
2. Disable or restrict remote audio file processing if not business-critical
3. Implement input validation and sanitization for Vorbis audio files before processing
4. Apply network segmentation to isolate systems processing untrusted audio content

Patching Guidance:
5. Monitor Nothings stb GitHub repository for security updates; consider upgrading to versions >1.22 when available
6. If upgrade not feasible, apply vendor-provided workarounds or patches from security advisories
7. For embedded systems, evaluate alternative audio libraries with active security maintenance

Compensating Controls:
8. Implement strict file type validation (magic bytes verification for Vorbis files)
9. Run audio processing in sandboxed environments with memory protection (ASLR, DEP/NX)
10. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAF) to detect malformed audio file uploads
11. Monitor for abnormal process behavior, memory access violations, and crashes in audio processing services

Detection Rules:
12. Alert on stb_vorbis.c function calls with oversized buffer parameters
13. Monitor for segmentation faults or access violations in audio processing threads
14. Track failed Vorbis file parsing attempts from external sources
15. Implement fuzzing tests for audio file inputs in development/testing environments
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. حصر جميع الأنظمة التي تستخدم مكتبة stb حتى الإصدار 1.22، خاصة مكونات stb_vorbis.c
2. تعطيل أو تقييد معالجة ملفات الصوت عن بعد إذا لم تكن حرجة للعمل
3. تطبيق التحقق من صحة المدخلات وتنظيفها لملفات صوت Vorbis قبل المعالجة
4. تطبيق تقسيم الشبكة لعزل الأنظمة التي تعالج محتوى صوتياً غير موثوق

إرشادات التصحيح:
5. مراقبة مستودع Nothings stb على GitHub للتحديثات الأمنية؛ فكر في الترقية للإصدارات >1.22 عند توفرها
6. إذا لم تكن الترقية ممكنة، طبق حلول المورد أو التصحيحات من التنبيهات الأمنية
7. للأنظمة المدمجة، قيّم مكتبات صوتية بديلة بصيانة أمنية نشطة

الضوابط التعويضية:
8. تطبيق التحقق الصارم من نوع الملف (التحقق من بايتات التوقيع لملفات Vorbis)
9. تشغيل معالجة الصوت في بيئات معزولة مع حماية الذاكرة (ASLR, DEP/NX)
10. نشر جدران حماية تطبيقات الويب (WAF) للكشف عن تحميلات ملفات صوتية معيبة
11. مراقبة السلوك غير الطبيعي للعمليات وانتهاكات الوصول للذاكرة والأعطال في خدمات معالجة الصوت

قواعد الكشف:
12. تنبيهات على استدعاءات دوال stb_vorbis.c بمعاملات مخزن مؤقت كبيرة الحجم
13. مراقبة أخطاء التقسيم أو انتهاكات الوصول في خيوط معالجة الصوت
14. تتبع محاولات فشل تحليل ملفات Vorbis من مصادر خارجية
15. تطبيق اختبارات التشويش لمدخلات ملفات الصوت في بيئات التطوير/الاختبار
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy ECC 2024 A.12.2.1 - Monitoring and logging of access to information
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.RA-1 - Asset Management and Vulnerability Management SAMA CSF PR.IP-12 - Software, firmware, and information integrity mechanisms SAMA CSF DE.CM-1 - The network is monitored to detect potential cybersecurity events
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy and procedures ISO 27001:2022 A.8.1.1 - Inventory of assets
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.2 - Ensure that all system components and software are protected from known vulnerabilities
📊 CVSS Score
6.3
/ 10.0 — Medium
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionR — Required
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityL — Low / Local
IntegrityL — Low / Local
AvailabilityL — Low / Local
📋 Quick Facts
Severity Medium
CVSS Score6.3
CWECWE-119
EPSS0.05%
Exploit No
Patch ✗ No
Published 2026-04-02
Source Feed circl
Views 4
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
6.8
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
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