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Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-69421

High
Issue summary: Processing a malformed PKCS#12 file can trigger a NULL pointer dereference in the PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex() function. Impact summary: A NULL pointer dereference can trigger a crash
CWE-476 — Weakness Type
Published: Jan 27, 2026  ·  Modified: Feb 28, 2026  ·  Source: NVD
CVSS v3
7.5
🔗 NVD Official
📄 Description (English)

Issue summary: Processing a malformed PKCS#12 file can trigger a NULL pointer
dereference in the PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex() function.

Impact summary: A NULL pointer dereference can trigger a crash which leads to
Denial of Service for an application processing PKCS#12 files.

The PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex() function does not check whether the oct
parameter is NULL before dereferencing it. When called from
PKCS12_unpack_p7encdata() with a malformed PKCS#12 file, this parameter can
be NULL, causing a crash. The vulnerability is limited to Denial of Service
and cannot be escalated to achieve code execution or memory disclosure.

Exploiting this issue requires an attacker to provide a malformed PKCS#12 file
to an application that processes it. For that reason the issue was assessed as
Low severity according to our Security Policy.

The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue,
as the PKCS#12 implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are vulnerable to this issue.

🤖 AI Executive Summary

CVE-2025-69421 is a NULL pointer dereference vulnerability in OpenSSL's PKCS#12 file processing that causes application crashes (Denial of Service). The vulnerability exists in the PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex() function when processing malformed PKCS#12 files and affects OpenSSL versions 1.0.2, 1.1.1, 3.0, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6. While limited to DoS with no code execution risk, this impacts any Saudi organization using affected OpenSSL versions for certificate and key management operations.

📄 Description (Arabic)

🤖 AI Intelligence Analysis Analyzed: May 2, 2026 18:38
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia Impact Assessment
Saudi banking sector (SAMA-regulated institutions) and government agencies (NCA oversight) face service disruption risks if they process PKCS#12 files for certificate management and digital signatures. Telecom operators (STC, Mobily) using affected OpenSSL versions in authentication infrastructure could experience outages. Healthcare organizations (MOH) relying on PKCS#12 for secure communications may face availability issues. Energy sector (ARAMCO, SEC) systems processing digital certificates are at risk. The impact is primarily availability-focused, affecting critical infrastructure that depends on uninterrupted certificate processing.
🏢 Affected Saudi Sectors
Banking and Financial Services Government and Public Administration Healthcare Energy and Utilities Telecommunications Critical Infrastructure
⚖️ Saudi Risk Score (AI)
6.2
/ 10.0
🔧 Remediation Steps (English)
Immediate Actions:
1. Identify all systems running OpenSSL versions 1.0.2, 1.1.1, 3.0, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, or 3.6 using: openssl version
2. Audit applications that process PKCS#12 files (certificate management, VPN clients, email systems, HSM interfaces)
3. Implement input validation to reject malformed PKCS#12 files before processing

Patching Guidance:
1. Update to OpenSSL 1.1.1w or later, 3.0.14 or later, 3.3.2 or later, 3.4.1 or later, or 3.5.1 or later
2. Prioritize patching for systems processing untrusted PKCS#12 files
3. Test patches in non-production environments before deployment
4. Coordinate with application vendors for OpenSSL dependency updates

Compensating Controls (if immediate patching unavailable):
1. Restrict PKCS#12 file processing to trusted sources only
2. Implement file format validation before OpenSSL processing
3. Use application-level error handling to gracefully handle processing failures
4. Monitor for unexpected application crashes or service restarts
5. Implement network segmentation to limit exposure of certificate processing services

Detection Rules:
1. Monitor for OpenSSL segmentation faults (SIGSEGV) in application logs
2. Alert on unexpected application restarts related to certificate/PKCS#12 processing
3. Track failed PKCS#12 import/decryption operations
4. Monitor for malformed file uploads to certificate management systems
🔧 خطوات المعالجة (العربية)
الإجراءات الفورية:
1. تحديد جميع الأنظمة التي تقوم بتشغيل إصدارات OpenSSL 1.0.2 و1.1.1 و3.0 و3.3 و3.4 و3.5 أو 3.6 باستخدام: openssl version
2. تدقيق التطبيقات التي تعالج ملفات PKCS#12 (إدارة الشهادات وعملاء VPN وأنظمة البريد الإلكتروني وواجهات HSM)
3. تنفيذ التحقق من صحة المدخلات لرفض ملفات PKCS#12 المشوهة قبل المعالجة

إرشادات التصحيح:
1. التحديث إلى OpenSSL 1.1.1w أو أحدث أو 3.0.14 أو أحدث أو 3.3.2 أو أحدث أو 3.4.1 أو أحدث أو 3.5.1 أو أحدث
2. إعطاء الأولوية لتصحيح الأنظمة التي تعالج ملفات PKCS#12 غير الموثوقة
3. اختبار التصحيحات في بيئات غير الإنتاج قبل النشر
4. التنسيق مع بائعي التطبيقات لتحديثات تبعيات OpenSSL

الضوابط البديلة (إذا لم يكن التصحيح الفوري متاحاً):
1. تقييد معالجة ملفات PKCS#12 للمصادر الموثوقة فقط
2. تنفيذ التحقق من صيغة الملف قبل معالجة OpenSSL
3. استخدام معالجة الأخطاء على مستوى التطبيق للتعامل مع فشل المعالجة بشكل سلس
4. مراقبة توقف التطبيقات غير المتوقعة أو إعادة تشغيل الخدمات
5. تنفيذ تقسيم الشبكة لتحديد التعرض لخدمات معالجة الشهادات

قواعد الكشف:
1. مراقبة أخطاء OpenSSL (SIGSEGV) في سجلات التطبيقات
2. التنبيه على إعادة تشغيل التطبيقات غير المتوقعة المتعلقة بمعالجة الشهادات/PKCS#12
3. تتبع عمليات استيراد/فك تشفير PKCS#12 الفاشلة
4. مراقبة تحميل الملفات المشوهة على أنظمة إدارة الشهادات
📋 Regulatory Compliance Mapping
🟢 NCA ECC 2024
ECC 2024 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ECC 2024 A.12.3.1 - Installation of software on operational systems ECC 2024 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy
🔵 SAMA CSF
SAMA CSF ID.BE-1 - Asset management and inventory SAMA CSF PR.IP-12 - Software development and quality assurance SAMA CSF DE.CM-8 - Vulnerability scans
🟡 ISO 27001:2022
ISO 27001:2022 A.12.3.1 - Segregation of development, test and production environments ISO 27001:2022 A.12.6.1 - Management of technical vulnerabilities ISO 27001:2022 A.14.2.1 - Secure development policy and procedures
🟣 PCI DSS v4.0.1
PCI DSS 6.2 - Ensure all system components and software are protected from known vulnerabilities
📦 Affected Products / CPE 7 entries
openssl:openssl
openssl:openssl
openssl:openssl
openssl:openssl
openssl:openssl
openssl:openssl
openssl:openssl
📊 CVSS Score
7.5
/ 10.0 — High
📊 CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Attack VectorN — None / Network
Attack ComplexityL — Low / Local
Privileges RequiredN — None / Network
User InteractionN — None / Network
ScopeU — Unchanged
ConfidentialityN — None / Network
IntegrityN — None / Network
AvailabilityH — High
📋 Quick Facts
Severity High
CVSS Score7.5
CWECWE-476
EPSS0.06%
Exploit No
Patch ✓ Yes
Published 2026-01-27
Source Feed nvd
Views 6
🇸🇦 Saudi Risk Score
6.2
/ 10.0 — Saudi Risk
Priority: HIGH
🏷️ Tags
patch-available CWE-476
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